1.定义:
建造者模式(Builder),将一个复杂对象的构建与它的表示分离,使得同样的构建过程可以创建不同的表示。
2.类图
3.代码实现
Product
package builder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 产品类,由多个部件组成
*/
public class Product {
List<String> parts = new ArrayList<String>();
/**
* 添加产品部件
* @param part 产品部件
*/
public void add(String part){
parts.add(part);
}
public void show(){
System.out.println("产品创建");
for (String part : parts) {
System.out.println(part);
}
}
}
Builder
package builder;
/**
* 建造者类
*/
public interface Builder {
public void buildPartA();
public void buildPartB();
public Product getResult();
}
ConcreteBuilder1
package builder;
/**
* 具体建造者类
*/
public class ConcreteBuilder1 implements Builder {
private Product product = new Product();
@Override
public void buildPartA() {
product.add("部件A");
}
@Override
public void buildPartB() {
product.add("部件B");
}
@Override
public Product getResult() {
return product;
}
}
ConcreteBuilder2
package builder;
/**
* 具体建造者类
*/
public class ConcreteBuilder2 implements Builder {
private Product product = new Product();
@Override
public void buildPartA() {
product.add("部件X");
}
@Override
public void buildPartB() {
product.add("部件Y");
}
@Override
public Product getResult() {
return product;
}
}
Director
package builder;
/**
* 指挥者类
*/
public class Director {
public void construct(Builder builder){
builder.buildPartA();
builder.buildPartB();
}
}
Test
package builder;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Director d = new Director();
Builder b1 = new ConcreteBuilder1();
d.construct(b1);
Product p1 = b1.getResult();
p1.show();
Builder b2 = new ConcreteBuilder2();
d.construct(b2);
Product p2 = b2.getResult();
p2.show();
}
}
4.使用场景
主要是用于创建一些复杂的对象,这些对象内部构建间的建造顺序通常是稳定的,但对象内部的构建通常面临着复杂的变化。