以下是使用openssl库实现DES加密和解密的源码以及注释：
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <openssl/des.h> // 引入openssl库中DES算法相关的头文件
#define BLOCK_SIZE 8 // 定义加密块的大小为8字节
// 将16进制字符串转换为字节数组
void hexStrToByte(const char* source, unsigned char* dest, int sourceLen) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < sourceLen; i += 2) {
sscanf(source + i, "%2hhx", dest + i / 2);
}
}
// 将字节数组转换为16进制字符串
void byteToHexStr(const unsigned char* source, char* dest, int sourceLen) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < sourceLen; i++) {
sprintf(dest + i * 2, "%02x", source[i]);
}
}
// 加密
void encrypt(const unsigned char* key, const unsigned char* input, unsigned char* output) {
DES_key_schedule ks; // DES密钥调度结构体
DES_set_key_unchecked((const_DES_cblock*) key, &ks); // 将密钥转换为DES密钥调度结构体
unsigned char* inputPtr = (unsigned char*) input;
unsigned char* outputPtr = output;
int remainingBytes = strlen((const char*) input);
while (remainingBytes >= BLOCK_SIZE) {
DES_ecb_encrypt((const_DES_cblock*) inputPtr, (DES_cblock*) outputPtr, &ks, DES_ENCRYPT); // DES加密
inputPtr += BLOCK_SIZE;
outputPtr += BLOCK_SIZE;
remainingBytes -= BLOCK_SIZE;
}
if (remainingBytes > 0) {
unsigned char paddedInput[BLOCK_SIZE] = {0}; // 填充后的加密块
memcpy(paddedInput, inputPtr, remainingBytes);
DES_ecb_encrypt((const_DES_cblock*) paddedInput, (DES_cblock*) outputPtr, &ks, DES_ENCRYPT); // DES加密
}
}
// 解密
void decrypt(const unsigned char* key, const unsigned char* input, unsigned char* output) {
DES_key_schedule ks; // DES密钥调度结构体
DES_set_key_unchecked((const_DES_cblock*) key, &ks); // 将密钥转换为DES密钥调度结构体
unsigned char* inputPtr = (unsigned char*) input;
unsigned char* outputPtr = output;
int remainingBytes = strlen((const char*) input);
while (remainingBytes >= BLOCK_SIZE) {
DES_ecb_encrypt((const_DES_cblock*) inputPtr, (DES_cblock*) outputPtr, &ks, DES_DECRYPT); // DES解密
inputPtr += BLOCK_SIZE;
outputPtr += BLOCK_SIZE;
remainingBytes -= BLOCK_SIZE;
}
if (remainingBytes > 0) {
unsigned char paddedInput[BLOCK_SIZE] = {0}; // 填充后的解密块
memcpy(paddedInput, inputPtr, remainingBytes);
DES_ecb_encrypt((const_DES_cblock*) paddedInput, (DES_cblock*) outputPtr, &ks, DES_DECRYPT); // DES解密
}
}
int main() {
const char* keyStr = "01234567"; // 密钥
const char* inputStr = "Hello, DES!"; // 待加密的字符串
unsigned char key[BLOCK_SIZE] = {0};
hexStrToByte(keyStr, key, strlen(keyStr)); // 将16进制字符串转换为字节数组
unsigned char input[BLOCK_SIZE * 2] = {0};
strcpy((char*) input, inputStr);
int inputLen = strlen(inputStr);
int paddedLen = inputLen + (BLOCK_SIZE - inputLen % BLOCK_SIZE); // 计算填充后的长度
unsigned char* paddedInput = (unsigned char*) malloc(paddedLen + 1);
memset(paddedInput, 0, paddedLen + 1);
memcpy(paddedInput, input, inputLen); // 将待加密的字符串拷贝到填充后的字符串中
unsigned char* output = (unsigned char*) malloc(paddedLen + 1);
memset(output, 0, paddedLen + 1);
encrypt(key, paddedInput, output); // 加密
char* outputHexStr = (char*) malloc(2 * paddedLen + 1);
byteToHexStr(output, outputHexStr, paddedLen); // 将加密后的字节数组转换为16进制字符串
printf("Encrypted: %s\n", outputHexStr);
memset(paddedInput, 0, paddedLen + 1);
decrypt(key, output, paddedInput); // 解密
printf("Decrypted: %s\n", paddedInput);
free(paddedInput);
free(output);
free(outputHexStr);
return 0;
}
```
注释详解如下：
1. 引入openssl库中DES算法相关的头文件
```c
#include <openssl/des.h>
```
2. 定义加密块的大小为8字节
```c
#define BLOCK_SIZE 8
```
3. 将16进制字符串转换为字节数组
```c
void hexStrToByte(const char* source, unsigned char* dest, int sourceLen) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < sourceLen; i += 2) {
sscanf(source + i, "%2hhx", dest + i / 2);
}
}
```
4. 将字节数组转换为16进制字符串
```c
void byteToHexStr(const unsigned char* source, char* dest, int sourceLen) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < sourceLen; i++) {
sprintf(dest + i * 2, "%02x", source[i]);
}
}
```
5. 加密
```c
void encrypt(const unsigned char* key, const unsigned char* input, unsigned char* output) {
DES_key_schedule ks; // DES密钥调度结构体
DES_set_key_unchecked((const_DES_cblock*) key, &ks); // 将密钥转换为DES密钥调度结构体
unsigned char* inputPtr = (unsigned char*) input;
unsigned char* outputPtr = output;
int remainingBytes = strlen((const char*) input);
while (remainingBytes >= BLOCK_SIZE) {
DES_ecb_encrypt((const_DES_cblock*) inputPtr, (DES_cblock*) outputPtr, &ks, DES_ENCRYPT); // DES加密
inputPtr += BLOCK_SIZE;
outputPtr += BLOCK_SIZE;
remainingBytes -= BLOCK_SIZE;
}
if (remainingBytes > 0) {
unsigned char paddedInput[BLOCK_SIZE] = {0}; // 填充后的加密块
memcpy(paddedInput, inputPtr, remainingBytes);
DES_ecb_encrypt((const_DES_cblock*) paddedInput, (DES_cblock*) outputPtr, &ks, DES_ENCRYPT); // DES加密
}
}
```
6. 解密
```c
void decrypt(const unsigned char* key, const unsigned char* input, unsigned char* output) {
DES_key_schedule ks; // DES密钥调度结构体
DES_set_key_unchecked((const_DES_cblock*) key, &ks); // 将密钥转换为DES密钥调度结构体
unsigned char* inputPtr = (unsigned char*) input;
unsigned char* outputPtr = output;
int remainingBytes = strlen((const char*) input);
while (remainingBytes >= BLOCK_SIZE) {
DES_ecb_encrypt((const_DES_cblock*) inputPtr, (DES_cblock*) outputPtr, &ks, DES_DECRYPT); // DES解密
inputPtr += BLOCK_SIZE;
outputPtr += BLOCK_SIZE;
remainingBytes -= BLOCK_SIZE;
}
if (remainingBytes > 0) {
unsigned char paddedInput[BLOCK_SIZE] = {0}; // 填充后的解密块
memcpy(paddedInput, inputPtr, remainingBytes);
DES_ecb_encrypt((const_DES_cblock*) paddedInput, (DES_cblock*) outputPtr, &ks, DES_DECRYPT); // DES解密
}
}
```
7. 主函数：生成密钥、待加密的字符串，进行加密和解密，输出结果
```c
int main() {
const char* keyStr = "01234567"; // 密钥
const char* inputStr = "Hello, DES!"; // 待加密的字符串
unsigned char key[BLOCK_SIZE] = {0};
hexStrToByte(keyStr, key, strlen(keyStr)); // 将16进制字符串转换为字节数组
unsigned char input[BLOCK_SIZE * 2] = {0};
strcpy((char*) input, inputStr);
int inputLen = strlen(inputStr);
int paddedLen = inputLen + (BLOCK_SIZE - inputLen % BLOCK_SIZE); // 计算填充后的长度
unsigned char* paddedInput = (unsigned char*) malloc(paddedLen + 1);
memset(paddedInput, 0, paddedLen + 1);
memcpy(paddedInput, input, inputLen); // 将待加密的字符串拷贝到填充后的字符串中
unsigned char* output = (unsigned char*) malloc(paddedLen + 1);
memset(output, 0, paddedLen + 1);
encrypt(key, paddedInput, output); // 加密
char* outputHexStr = (char*) malloc(2 * paddedLen + 1);
byteToHexStr(output, outputHexStr, paddedLen); // 将加密后的字节数组转换为16进制字符串
printf("Encrypted: %s\n", outputHexStr);
memset(paddedInput, 0, paddedLen + 1);
decrypt(key, output, paddedInput); // 解密
printf("Decrypted: %s\n", paddedInput);
free(paddedInput);
free(output);
free(outputHexStr);
return 0;
}
```
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