这段时间研究了下Spring mvc,,在用基于注解的@ResponseBody返回json格式数据的时候,一直报406错误:The resource identified by this request is only capable of generating responses with characteristics not acceptable according to the request "accept" headers.代码如下:
web.xml配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>springMVCDemo04</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 解决中文乱码的过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:conf/annotation-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
控制器Controller:
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/teacher")
public class TeacherController {
@RequestMapping("/returnTeacherJsonFmt")
@ResponseBody
public Teacher returnTeacherJsonFmt(){
Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
teacher.setAge(30);
teacher.setName("张三");
return teacher;
}
}
public class Teacher implements Serializable{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -644498344224352944L;
private int age;
private String name;
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
annotation-mvc.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
<!-- Spring3.1之前的注解HandlerMapping -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"/>
<!-- spring3.1之前的注解HandlerAdapter -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean class="com.xliang.mvc.controller.TeacherController"/>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"
p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/"
p:suffix=".jsp"/>
<!-- 加载转换器 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
</beans>
其中,spring jar是3.2.4的, jackson-all 1.7.3
google了下,发现很多人都遇到这个问题,网上也提供了各种方法,说要把@RequestMapping("/teacher")改成@RequestMapping(value="teacher",headers="application/json");还有的说把
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
</list>
</property>
</bean>
改成:
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</property>
</bean>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
结果都一样,406错误,后来看到了某位仁兄的博客上说,把访问的后缀改一下,web.xml配置文件中的<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>改成
<url-pattern>*.json</url-pattern>,试了一下,果然成功了,在地址栏输入http://localhost:8080/mvc/teacher/returnTeacherJsonFmt.json,成功返回Teacher的json格式。
但是觉得这种方法不够好,或者说*.json这种后缀令我很爽,于是找找其他解决方法。看了spring 3.2.4官方的reference,还真发现了方法:
原来,
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</property>
</bean>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
这种配置方式,是基于spring3.1之前的版本的,spring3.1之后的版本推荐的是org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping以及
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping,于是把annotation-mvc.xml改成如下配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
<!--1、 Spring3.1开始的处理器映射:RequestMappingHandlerMapping -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
<!-- Spring3.1开始的处理器适配器:RequestMappingHandlerAdapter -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 控制器 -->
<bean class="com.xliang.mvc.controller.TeacherController"/>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"
p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/"
p:suffix=".jsp"/>
<!-- 加载转换器 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
</beans>
请求路径还是*.html,在地址栏输入 http://localhost:8080/mvc/teacher/returnTeacherJsonFmt.html,成功返回json格式的数据,jar包什么的也没换,还是原来的。至于网上其他的方法,在我这里试了都没效果。其中,用到MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter转换器的时候,一定要提供json相关的包,我这里就用了jackson-all-1.7.3.jar包,网上说的其他的包都没用到