Mybatis中配置Mapper的方法

我们知道在Mybatis中定义Mapper信息有两种方式，一种是利用xml写一个对应的包含Mapper信息的配置文件；另一种就是定义一个Mapper接口，然后定义一些相应的操作方法，再辅以相应的操作注解。

现假设我有这样一个实体类：

Java代码

1. package com.tiantian.mybatis.model;
3. public class User {
5. private int id;
6. private String name;
7. private int age;
8. public int getId() {
9. return id;
10. }
11. public void setId(int id) {
12. this.id = id;
13. }
14. public String getName() {
15. return name;
16. }
17. public void setName(String name) {
18. this.name = name;
19. }
20. public int getAge() {
21. return age;
22. }
23. public void setAge(int age) {
24. this.age = age;
25. }
27. }

package com.tiantian.mybatis.model; public class User {     private int id;    private String name;    private int age;    public int getId() {       return id;    }    public void setId(int id) {       this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {       return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {       this.name = name;    }    public int getAge() {       return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {       this.age = age;    }   }

它对应的数据库表结构是这样的：

然后我要利用Mybatis对它做一个简单的增删改查操作，那么如果利用xml配置Mapper的方式来定义的话，我对应的UserMapper.xml文件会是这样：

Xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
2. <!DOCTYPE mapper
3. PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
4. "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
6. <mapper namespace="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper">
7. <insert id="insertUser" parameterType="User" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyColumn="id">
8. insert into t_user(name, age) values(#{name}, #{age})
9. </insert>
11. <update id="updateUser" parameterType="User">
12. update t_user set name=#{name}, age=#{age} where id=#{id}
13. </update>
15. <select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultType="User">
16. select * from t_user where id=#{id}
17. </select>
19. <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
20. delete from t_user where id=#{id}
21. </delete>
22. </mapper>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper">    <insert id="insertUser" parameterType="User" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyColumn="id">       insert into t_user(name, age) values(#{name}, #{age})    </insert>       <update id="updateUser" parameterType="User">       update t_user set name=#{name}, age=#{age} where id=#{id}    </update>       <select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultType="User">       select * from t_user where id=#{id}    </select>       <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">       delete from t_user where id=#{id}    </delete></mapper>

如果使用接口加注解的方式，那么我们的UserMapper接口应该这样定义：

Java代码

1. package com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface;
3. import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
4. import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
5. import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
6. import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;
8. import com.tiantian.mybatis.model.User;
10. public interface UserMapper {
12. @Insert("insert into t_user(name, age) values(#{name}, #{age})")
13. public void insertUser(User user);
15. @Update("update t_user set name=#{name}, age=#{age} where id=#{id}")
16. public void updateUser(User user);
18. @Select("select * from t_user where id=#{id}")
19. public User findById(int id);
21. @Delete("delete from t_user where id=#{id}")
22. public void deleteUser(int id);
24. }

package com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update; import com.tiantian.mybatis.model.User; public interface UserMapper {     @Insert("insert into t_user(name, age) values(#{name}, #{age})")    public void insertUser(User user);       @Update("update t_user set name=#{name}, age=#{age} where id=#{id}")    public void updateUser(User user);       @Select("select * from t_user where id=#{id}")    public User findById(int id);       @Delete("delete from t_user where id=#{id}")    public void deleteUser(int id);   }

注意看这里我故意把UserMapper接口的namespace也就是它的包名置为与UserMapper.xml的namespace属性不一样。这主要是为了要更好的讲以下的内容。

接下来要做的就是把Mapper信息注册到Mybatis的配置中，告诉Mybatis我们定义了哪些Mapper信息。这主要是在Mybatis的配置文件中通过mappers元素来进行的。在以前版本的Mybatis中我们在Mybatis的配置文件中需要这样定义Mapper信息资源的位置。

Xml代码

1. <mappers>
2. <mapper resource="com/tiantian/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper1.xml"/>
3. <mapper url="file:///E:/UserMapper.xml"/>
4. </mappers>

    <mappers>       <mapper resource="com/tiantian/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper1.xml"/>       <mapper url="file:///E:/UserMapper.xml"/>    </mappers>

这主要是通过mapper元素的resource和url属性来指定的，resource属性指定的是相对于跟类路径下的资源，url属性指定的是通过URL可以获取到的资源。这有一点不好的地方，当我们使用Mapper接口加注解来定义当前Mapper的操作信息时，我们还需要定义一个与它对应的Mapper.xml文件。如：

Xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
2. <!DOCTYPE mapper
3. PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
4. "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
5. <mapper namespace="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper">
7. </mapper>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper"> </mapper>

Java代码

1. package com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface;
3. import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
4. import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
5. import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
6. import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;
8. import com.tiantian.mybatis.model.User;
10. public interface UserMapper {
12. @Insert("insert into t_user(name, age) values(#{name}, #{age})")
13. public void insertUser(User user);
15. @Update("update t_user set name=#{name}, age=#{age} where id=#{id}")
16. public void updateUser(User user);
18. @Select("select * from t_user where id=#{id}")
19. public User findById(int id);
21. @Delete("delete from t_user where id=#{id}")
22. public void deleteUser(int id);
24. }

package com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update; import com.tiantian.mybatis.model.User; public interface UserMapper {     @Insert("insert into t_user(name, age) values(#{name}, #{age})")    public void insertUser(User user);       @Update("update t_user set name=#{name}, age=#{age} where id=#{id}")    public void updateUser(User user);       @Select("select * from t_user where id=#{id}")    public User findById(int id);       @Delete("delete from t_user where id=#{id}")    public void deleteUser(int id);   }

我发现在现在使用的这个Mybatis3.2.1中这个问题已经得到了改善，现在我们在定义基于接口的定义的Mapper时可以通过一个class属性来指定接口。

Xml代码

1. <mappers>
2. <mapper class="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper"/>
3. </mappers>

    <mappers>       <mapper class="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper"/>    </mappers>

除了通过class属性指定Mapper接口外，Mybatis还为我们提供了一个可以同时指定多个Mapper接口的方法。在现在的Mybatis版本中我们可以在mappers元素下面定义一个package子元素，用以指定Mapper接口所在的包，这样Mybatis就会把这个包下面的所有Mapper接口都进行注册。

Xml代码

1. <mappers>
2. <package name="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface"/>
3. </mappers>

    <mappers>       <package name="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface"/>    </mappers>

这里的一个package只针对于一个包。当在多个包里面定义有Mapper接口时，我们需要定义对应的多个package元素。

这四种注册Mapper的方式就是我想在这篇文章中表达的。总结一下：

Xml代码

1. <mappers>
2. <!-- 通过package元素将会把指定包下面的所有Mapper接口进行注册 -->
3. <package name="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface"/>
4. <!-- 通过mapper元素的resource属性可以指定一个相对于类路径的Mapper.xml文件 -->
5. <mapper resource="com/tiantian/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
6. <!-- 通过mapper元素的url属性可以指定一个通过URL请求道的Mapper.xml文件 -->
7. <mapper url="file:///E:/UserMapper.xml"/>
8. <!-- 通过mapper元素的class属性可以指定一个Mapper接口进行注册 -->
9. <mapper class="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper"/>
10. </mappers>

    <mappers>       <!-- 通过package元素将会把指定包下面的所有Mapper接口进行注册 -->       <package name="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface"/>       <!-- 通过mapper元素的resource属性可以指定一个相对于类路径的Mapper.xml文件 -->       <mapper resource="com/tiantian/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>       <!-- 通过mapper元素的url属性可以指定一个通过URL请求道的Mapper.xml文件 -->       <mapper url="file:///E:/UserMapper.xml"/>       <!-- 通过mapper元素的class属性可以指定一个Mapper接口进行注册 -->       <mapper class="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper"/>    </mappers>

当使用mapper元素进行Mapper定义的时候需要注意：mapper的三个属性resource、url和class对于每个mapper元素只能指定一个，要么指定resource属性，要么指定url属性，要么指定class属性，不能都指定，也不能都不指定。

下面将对上面的代码给出一些对应的测试代码。先贴出测试对应的Mybatis的配置文件：

Xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
2. <!DOCTYPE configuration
3. PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
4. "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
5. <configuration>
7. <properties resource="config/jdbc.properties"></properties>
8. <typeAliases>
9. <package name="com.tiantian.mybatis.model"/>
10. </typeAliases>
11. <environments default="development">
12. <environment id="development">
13. <transactionManager type="JDBC" />
14. <dataSource type="POOLED">
15. <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
16. <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
17. <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
18. <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
19. </dataSource>
20. </environment>
21. </environments>
22. <mappers>
23. <package name="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface"/>
24. <mapper resource="com/tiantian/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
25. </mappers>
26. </configuration>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE configuration  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"><configuration>     <properties resource="config/jdbc.properties"></properties>    <typeAliases>       <package name="com.tiantian.mybatis.model"/>    </typeAliases>    <environments default="development">       <environment id="development">           <transactionManager type="JDBC" />           <dataSource type="POOLED">              <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}" />              <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />              <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />              <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />           </dataSource>       </environment>    </environments>    <mappers>       <package name="com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface"/>       <mapper resource="com/tiantian/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>    </mappers></configuration>

1.对于使用xml方式定义的UserMapper.xml，然后直接使用SqlSession访问定义在其中的statement的测试：

Java代码

1. package com.tiantian.mybatis.test;
3. import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
4. import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
5. import org.junit.Before;
6. import org.junit.Test;
8. import com.tiantian.mybatis.model.User;
9. import com.tiantian.mybatis.util.Util;
11. /**
12. *
13. * 这个类主要用来测试直接使用SqlSession访问定义在UserMapper.xml文件中的statement
14. *
15. */
16. public class UserMapperTest {
18. SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = null;
20. @Before
21. public void before() {
22. sqlSessionFactory = Util.getSqlSessionFactory();
23. }
25. @Test
26. public void testInsert() {
27. SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
28. try {
29. User user = new User();
30. user.setName("张三");
31. user.setAge(30);
32. sqlSession.insert("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper.insertUser", user);
33. sqlSession.commit();
34. } finally {
35. sqlSession.close();
36. }
37. }
39. @Test
40. public void testUpdate() {
41. SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
42. try {
43. User user = new User();
44. user.setId(1);
45. user.setName("李四");
46. user.setAge(34);
47. sqlSession.update("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper.updateUser", user);
48. sqlSession.commit();
49. } finally {
50. sqlSession.close();
51. }
52. }
54. @Test
55. public void testFind() {
56. SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
57. try {
58. User user = sqlSession.selectOne("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper.findById", 1);
59. System.out.println(user.getId() + "--" + user.getName() + "--" + user.getAge());
60. } finally {
61. sqlSession.close();
62. }
63. }
65. @Test
66. public void testDelele() {
67. SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
68. try {
69. sqlSession.delete("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper.deleteUser", 2);
70. sqlSession.commit();
71. } finally {
72. sqlSession.close();
73. }
74. }
76. }

package com.tiantian.mybatis.test; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test; import com.tiantian.mybatis.model.User;import com.tiantian.mybatis.util.Util; /** * * 这个类主要用来测试直接使用SqlSession访问定义在UserMapper.xml文件中的statement * */public class UserMapperTest {     SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = null;       @Before    public void before() {       sqlSessionFactory = Util.getSqlSessionFactory();    }       @Test    public void testInsert() {       SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();       try {           User user = new User();           user.setName("张三");           user.setAge(30);           sqlSession.insert("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper.insertUser", user);           sqlSession.commit();       } finally {           sqlSession.close();       }    }       @Test    public void testUpdate() {       SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();       try {           User user = new User();           user.setId(1);           user.setName("李四");           user.setAge(34);           sqlSession.update("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper.updateUser", user);           sqlSession.commit();       } finally {           sqlSession.close();       }    }       @Test    public void testFind() {       SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();       try {           User user = sqlSession.selectOne("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper.findById", 1);           System.out.println(user.getId() + "--" + user.getName() + "--" + user.getAge());       } finally {           sqlSession.close();       }    }       @Test    public void testDelele() {       SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();       try {           sqlSession.delete("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper.deleteUser", 2);           sqlSession.commit();       } finally {           sqlSession.close();       }    }   }

2.对于使用Mapper接口加对应的注解来定义的Mapper信息直接使用SqlSession访问Mapper接口中使用注解定义好的statement的测试：

Java代码

1. package com.tiantian.mybatis.test;
3. import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
4. import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
5. import org.junit.Before;
6. import org.junit.Test;
8. import com.tiantian.mybatis.model.User;
9. import com.tiantian.mybatis.util.Util;
11. /**
12. *
13. *这个类是测试直接使用SqlSession访问UserMapper接口中使用注解定义好的statement
14. *
15. */
16. public class UserMapperTest2 {
18. SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = null;
20. @Before
21. public void before() {
22. sqlSessionFactory = Util.getSqlSessionFactory();
23. }
25. @Test
26. public void testInsert() {
27. SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
28. try {
29. User user = new User();
30. user.setName("张三");
31. user.setAge(30);
32. sqlSession.insert("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper.insertUser", user);
33. sqlSession.commit();
34. } finally {
35. sqlSession.close();
36. }
37. }
39. @Test
40. public void testUpdate() {
41. SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
42. try {
43. User user = new User();
44. user.setId(1);
45. user.setName("李四");
46. user.setAge(34);
47. sqlSession.update("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper.updateUser", user);
48. sqlSession.commit();
49. } finally {
50. sqlSession.close();
51. }
52. }
54. @Test
55. public void testFind() {
56. SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
57. try {
58. User user = sqlSession.selectOne("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper.findById", 1);
59. System.out.println(user.getId() + "--" + user.getName() + "--" + user.getAge());
60. } finally {
61. sqlSession.close();
62. }
63. }
65. @Test
66. public void testDelele() {
67. SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
68. try {
69. sqlSession.delete("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper.deleteUser", 3);
70. sqlSession.commit();
71. } finally {
72. sqlSession.close();
73. }
74. }
76. }

package com.tiantian.mybatis.test; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test; import com.tiantian.mybatis.model.User;import com.tiantian.mybatis.util.Util; /** * *这个类是测试直接使用SqlSession访问UserMapper接口中使用注解定义好的statement * */public class UserMapperTest2 {        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = null;             @Before       public void before() {              sqlSessionFactory = Util.getSqlSessionFactory();       }             @Test       public void testInsert() {              SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();              try {                     User user = new User();                     user.setName("张三");                     user.setAge(30);                     sqlSession.insert("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper.insertUser", user);                     sqlSession.commit();              } finally {                     sqlSession.close();              }       }             @Test       public void testUpdate() {              SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();              try {                     User user = new User();                     user.setId(1);                     user.setName("李四");                     user.setAge(34);                     sqlSession.update("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper.updateUser", user);                     sqlSession.commit();              } finally {                     sqlSession.close();              }       }             @Test       public void testFind() {              SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();              try {                     User user = sqlSession.selectOne("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper.findById", 1);                     System.out.println(user.getId() + "--" + user.getName() + "--" + user.getAge());              } finally {                     sqlSession.close();              }       }             @Test       public void testDelele() {              SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();              try {                     sqlSession.delete("com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper.deleteUser", 3);                     sqlSession.commit();              } finally {                     sqlSession.close();              }       }      }

3.对于使用Mapper接口加注解定义好的Mapper信息通过SqlSession获取其对应的Mapper接口来操作其中定义好的statement的测试：

Java代码

1. package com.tiantian.mybatis.test;
3. import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
4. import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
5. import org.junit.Before;
6. import org.junit.Test;
8. import com.tiantian.mybatis.mapperinterface.UserMapper;
9. import com.tiantian.mybatis.model.User;
10. import com.tiantian.mybatis.util.Util;
12. /**
13. *
14. *这个类是测试使用SqlSession获取UserMapper接口来执行使用注解定义在UserMapper接口中的statement
15. *
16. */
17. public class UserMapperTest3 {
19. SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = null;
21. @Before
22. public void before() {
23. sqlSessionFactory = Util.getSqlSessionFactory();
24. }
26. @Test
27. public void testInsert() {
28. SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
29. try {
30. User user = new User();
31. user.setName("张三");
32. user.setAge(30);
33. UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
34. userMapper.insertUser(user);
35. sqlSession.commit();
36. } finally {
37. sqlSession.close();
38. }
39. }
41. @Test
42. public void testUpdate() {
43. SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
44. try {
45. User user = new User();
46. user.setId(1);
47. user.setName("李四");
48. user.setAge(34);
49. UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
50. userMapper.updateUser(user);
51. sqlSession.commit();
52. } finally {
53. sqlSession.close();
54. }
55. }
57. @Test
58. public void testFind() {
59. SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
60. try {
61. UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
62. User user = userMapper.findById(1);
63. System.out.println(user.getId() + "--" + user.getName() + "--" + user.getAge());
64. } finally {
65. sqlSession.close();
66. }
67. }
69. @Test
70. public void testDelele() {
71. SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
72. try {
73. UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
74. userMapper.deleteUser(5);
75. sqlSession.commit();
76. } finally {
77. sqlSession.close();
78. }
79. }
81. }