一、C# Graphics绘制
上一篇有介绍：Chart绘图存在的问题：当显示的数据量很大，达到上万数据时，整个winform窗口变得卡顿。固决定用Graphics重新绘制同台曲线图。
1.1 绘制坐标轴
public Bitmap drawCurve(int[] X_array, float[] Y_array, int X_Localtion, int Y_Localtion, int X_Size, int Y_Size)
{
Console.WriteLine("size: {0}，{1}， {2}， {3}",X_Localtion,Y_Localtion, X_Size, Y_Size );
//画图初始化
Bitmap bmap = new Bitmap(X_Size, Y_Size); //画布图片大小
Graphics gph = Graphics.FromImage(bmap);
gph.Clear(Color.White);
//曲线坐标轴设定
PointF cpt = new PointF(30, Y_Size - 30); //坐标原点，坐标轴起始点
PointF X_EndPoint = new PointF(X_Size - 30, Y_Size - 30); //X轴终点
PointF Y_EndPoint = new PointF(30, 30); //Y轴终点
//坐标轴三角形箭头
PointF[] xpt = new PointF[3] { new PointF(X_EndPoint.X + 15, X_EndPoint.Y), new PointF(X_EndPoint.X, X_EndPoint.Y - 4), new PointF(X_EndPoint.X, X_EndPoint.Y + 4) };//x轴三角形
PointF[] ypt = new PointF[3] { new PointF(Y_EndPoint.X, Y_EndPoint.Y - 15), new PointF(Y_EndPoint.X - 4, Y_EndPoint.Y), new PointF(Y_EndPoint.X + 4, Y_EndPoint.Y) };//y轴三角形
//画图表标题
//gph.DrawString(chartTitle, new Font("宋体", 14), Brushes.Black, new PointF(Y_EndPoint.X + 60, Y_EndPoint.Y - 30));//图表标题
//画x轴、三角箭头、标题
gph.DrawLine(Pens.Black, cpt.X, cpt.Y, X_EndPoint.X, X_EndPoint.Y);
gph.DrawPolygon(Pens.Black, xpt);
gph.FillPolygon(new SolidBrush(Color.Black), xpt);
//gph.DrawString(X_title, new Font("宋体", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(X_EndPoint.X + 10, X_EndPoint.Y + 10));
//画y轴三角箭头、标题
gph.DrawLine(Pens.Black, cpt.X, cpt.Y, Y_EndPoint.X, Y_EndPoint.Y);
gph.DrawPolygon(Pens.Black, ypt);
gph.FillPolygon(new SolidBrush(Color.Black), ypt);
//gph.DrawString(Y_title, new Font("宋体", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(0, Y_EndPoint.Y - 30));
//Y轴刻度值
float[] Y_KeduArr = new float[YkeduCount];
for (int i = 0; i < YkeduCount; i++)
{
Y_KeduArr[i] = (float)0.5*(i+1);
}
给刻度值数组赋值
//setKeduStringArray(X_KeduArr, X_AvgIncrement);
//setKeduStringArray(Y_KeduArr, Y_AvgIncrement);
//PointF X_KeduStart = new PointF(0, 590);
PointF X_KeduEnd = new PointF(340 + 130, X_EndPoint.Y); //(430,440) x轴最后一根刻度线
//刻度线位置坐标增量
Console.WriteLine("X_array.Length: {0}, {1}", X_array.Length, XkeduCount);
if (X_array.Length > XkeduCount)
{
_X_KeduInCrementValue = (float)(X_array.Length - XkeduCount) * (float)1.1;
}
else
{
_X_KeduInCrementValue = 25;
}
_Y_KeduInCrementValue = 40;
//X,Y刻度线起始位置, X_KeduEnd 和 Y_KeduEnd没有使用 //quanwu.xu 20200415
PointF X_KeduStart = new PointF(cpt.X + _X_KeduInCrementValue, cpt.Y);
PointF X_KeduEnd = new PointF(X_EndPoint.X - 30, X_EndPoint.Y);
PointF Y_KeduStart = new PointF(cpt.X, cpt.Y - _Y_KeduInCrementValue);
PointF Y_KeduEnd = new PointF(Y_EndPoint.X, Y_EndPoint.Y - 30 + 300);
//设置X轴刻度值显示方向
StringFormat X_StringFormat = new StringFormat();
if (XdirectionVertical)
{
X_StringFormat.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.DirectionVertical;
}
StringFormat Y_StringFormat = new StringFormat();
if (YdirectionVertical)
{
Y_StringFormat.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.DirectionVertical;
}
Console.WriteLine("X_Kedu: {0}，{1}， {2}， {3}", X_KeduStart.X, X_KeduStart.Y, X_KeduEnd.X, X_KeduEnd.Y);
Console.WriteLine("Y_Kedu: {0}，{1}， {2}， {3}", Y_KeduStart.X, Y_KeduStart.Y, Y_KeduEnd.X, Y_KeduEnd.Y);
Console.WriteLine("InCrementValue: {0},{1}", _X_KeduInCrementValue, _Y_KeduInCrementValue);
//画x轴刻度线、刻度值
for (int i = 1; i <= XkeduCount; i++)
{
gph.DrawString(X_array[i - 1].ToString(Xformat), new Font("Times New Roman", 11), Brushes.Black, new PointF(X_KeduStart.X - 5 + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, cpt.Y + 5), X_StringFormat);// new StringFormat(StringFormatFlags.DirectionVertical));//最后一个参数实现文字竖排，默认为横排
gph.DrawLine(Pens.LightGray, X_KeduStart.X + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, cpt.Y, X_KeduStart.X + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_EndPoint.Y);
}
画y轴刻度线、刻度值
for (int i = 1; i <= YkeduCount; i++)
{
gph.DrawString(Y_KeduArr[i - 1].ToString(Yformat), new Font("Times New Roman", 11), Brushes.Black, new PointF(Y_KeduStart.X - 30 , Y_KeduStart.Y - (i - 1) * _Y_KeduInCrementValue - 6), Y_StringFormat);
gph.DrawLine(Pens.LightGray, Y_KeduStart.X, Y_KeduStart.Y - (i - 1) * _Y_KeduInCrementValue, X_EndPoint.X, Y_KeduStart.Y - (i - 1) * _Y_KeduInCrementValue);
}
return bmap;
//保存输出图片
}效果图如下：
1.2 绘制曲线（Graphics里面好像没有特别的曲线绘制方法，暂且用drawline吧），效果如下，当然没有Chart控件好看：
#region 曲线绘制class
public class CurvePaint
{
public CurvePaint() { }
//刻度线条数
private int _X_KeduCount = 15;
private int _Y_KeduCount = 5;
//刻度值位置对应刻度线左移像素
private float _X_KeduInCrementValue = 1f;
private float _Y_KeduInCrementValue = 1f;
//格式化刻度值
private string _X_Format = "#0";
private string _Y_Format = "#0.0";
//X轴刻度值文字方向
private bool _X_DirectionVertical = false;
private bool _Y_DirectionVertical = false;
public int XkeduCount
{
get { return _X_KeduCount; }
set { _X_KeduCount = value; }
}
public float X_KeduIncrement //quanwu.xu
{
get { return _X_KeduInCrementValue; }
set { _X_KeduInCrementValue = value; }
}
public int YkeduCount
{
get { return _Y_KeduCount; }
set { _Y_KeduCount = value; }
}
public float Y_KeduIncrement //quanwu.xu
{
get { return _Y_KeduInCrementValue; }
set { _Y_KeduInCrementValue = value; }
}
public bool XdirectionVertical
{
get { return _X_DirectionVertical; }
set { _X_DirectionVertical = value; }
}
public bool YdirectionVertical
{
get { return _Y_DirectionVertical; }
set { _Y_DirectionVertical = value; }
}
public string Xformat
{
get { return _X_Format; }
set { _X_Format = value; }
}
public string Yformat
{
get { return _Y_Format; }
set { _Y_Format = value; }
}
// Y轴数据规格化
private float Standard(float Value, float k, float b)
{
//return C * (A * x + B) + D;
return b - Value / k;
}
public Bitmap drawCurve(int LinesIndex, List<float>[] Y_array, int X_Localtion, int Y_Localtion, int X_Size, int Y_Size)
{
Console.WriteLine("size: {0}，{1}， {2}， {3}",X_Localtion,Y_Localtion, X_Size, Y_Size );
//画笔定义 pen1
Pen pen1 = new Pen(Color.Black, 2);
pen1.DashStyle = DashStyle.Custom;
//画图初始化
Bitmap bmap = new Bitmap(X_Size, Y_Size); //画布图片大小
Graphics gph = Graphics.FromImage(bmap);
gph.Clear(Color.White);
//曲线坐标轴设定
PointF cpt = new PointF(30, Y_Size - 30); //坐标原点，坐标轴起始点
PointF X_EndPoint = new PointF(X_Size - 30, Y_Size - 30); //X轴终点
PointF Y_EndPoint = new PointF(30, 30); //Y轴终点
//坐标轴三角形箭头
PointF[] xpt = new PointF[3] { new PointF(X_EndPoint.X + 15, X_EndPoint.Y), new PointF(X_EndPoint.X, X_EndPoint.Y - 4), new PointF(X_EndPoint.X, X_EndPoint.Y + 4) };//x轴三角形
PointF[] ypt = new PointF[3] { new PointF(Y_EndPoint.X, Y_EndPoint.Y - 15), new PointF(Y_EndPoint.X - 4, Y_EndPoint.Y), new PointF(Y_EndPoint.X + 4, Y_EndPoint.Y) };//y轴三角形
//画图表标题
//gph.DrawString(chartTitle, new Font("宋体", 14), Brushes.Black, new PointF(Y_EndPoint.X + 60, Y_EndPoint.Y - 30));//图表标题
//画x轴、三角箭头、标题
gph.DrawLine(pen1, cpt.X, cpt.Y, X_EndPoint.X, X_EndPoint.Y);
gph.DrawPolygon(pen1, xpt);
gph.FillPolygon(new SolidBrush(Color.Black), xpt);
//gph.DrawString(X_title, new Font("宋体", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(X_EndPoint.X + 10, X_EndPoint.Y + 10));
//画y轴三角箭头、标题
gph.DrawLine(pen1, cpt.X, cpt.Y, Y_EndPoint.X, Y_EndPoint.Y);
gph.DrawPolygon(pen1, ypt);
gph.FillPolygon(new SolidBrush(Color.Black), ypt);
//gph.DrawString(Y_title, new Font("宋体", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(0, Y_EndPoint.Y - 30));
//Y轴刻度值
float[] Y_KeduArr = new float[YkeduCount];
for (int i = 0; i < YkeduCount; i++)
{
Y_KeduArr[i] = (i + 1)*0.5f;
}
给刻度值数组赋值
//setKeduStringArray(X_KeduArr, X_AvgIncrement);
//setKeduStringArray(Y_KeduArr, Y_AvgIncrement);
//PointF X_KeduStart = new PointF(0, 590);
//PointF X_KeduEnd = new PointF(340 + 130, X_EndPoint.Y); //(430,440) x轴最后一根刻度线
//刻度线位置坐标增量
int GreatestCnt = Y_array[0].Count;
for (int i = 0; i < Y_array.Length; i++)
{
if (GreatestCnt < Y_array[i].Count)
{
GreatestCnt = Y_array[i].Count;
}
}
int Temp = GreatestCnt / 20;
float _X_KeduInCrementDisplayValue = 25;
if (Temp != 0)
{
_X_KeduInCrementValue = _X_KeduInCrementDisplayValue / (Temp + 1);
}
else
{
_X_KeduInCrementValue = _X_KeduInCrementDisplayValue;
}
_Y_KeduInCrementValue = 40;
Console.WriteLine("Greatest.Length: {0}, {1}", GreatestCnt, _X_KeduInCrementValue);
//X,Y刻度线起始位置, X_KeduEnd 和 Y_KeduEnd没有使用 //quanwu.xu 20200415
PointF X_KeduStart = new PointF(cpt.X + _X_KeduInCrementDisplayValue, cpt.Y);
PointF X_KeduEnd = new PointF(X_EndPoint.X - 30, X_EndPoint.Y);
PointF Y_KeduStart = new PointF(cpt.X, cpt.Y - _Y_KeduInCrementValue);
PointF Y_KeduEnd = new PointF(Y_EndPoint.X, Y_EndPoint.Y - 30 + 300);
//设置X轴刻度值显示方向
StringFormat X_StringFormat = new StringFormat();
if (XdirectionVertical)
{
X_StringFormat.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.DirectionVertical;
}
StringFormat Y_StringFormat = new StringFormat();
if (YdirectionVertical)
{
Y_StringFormat.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.DirectionVertical;
}
//Console.WriteLine("X_Kedu: {0}，{1}， {2}， {3}", X_KeduStart.X, X_KeduStart.Y, X_KeduEnd.X, X_KeduEnd.Y);
//Console.WriteLine("Y_Kedu: {0}，{1}， {2}， {3}", Y_KeduStart.X, Y_KeduStart.Y, Y_KeduEnd.X, Y_KeduEnd.Y);
//Console.WriteLine("InCrementValue: {0},{1}", _X_KeduInCrementValue, _Y_KeduInCrementValue);
//画笔定义 pen1
Pen pen2 = new Pen(Color.LightGray, 1);
pen2.DashStyle = DashStyle.Dash;
//画x轴刻度线、刻度值
for (int i = 1; i <= XkeduCount; i++)
{
gph.DrawString((i*(Temp + 1)).ToString(Xformat), new Font("Times New Roman", 8), Brushes.Black, new PointF(X_KeduStart.X - 5 + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementDisplayValue, cpt.Y + 5), X_StringFormat);// new StringFormat(StringFormatFlags.DirectionVertical));//最后一个参数实现文字竖排，默认为横排
gph.DrawLine(pen2, X_KeduStart.X + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementDisplayValue, cpt.Y, X_KeduStart.X + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementDisplayValue, Y_EndPoint.Y);
}
画y轴刻度线、刻度值
for (int i = 1; i <= YkeduCount; i++)
{
gph.DrawString(Y_KeduArr[i - 1].ToString(Yformat), new Font("Times New Roman", 11), Brushes.Black, new PointF(Y_KeduStart.X - 30 , Y_KeduStart.Y - (i - 1) * _Y_KeduInCrementValue - 6), Y_StringFormat);
gph.DrawLine(pen2, Y_KeduStart.X, Y_KeduStart.Y - (i - 1) * _Y_KeduInCrementValue, X_EndPoint.X, Y_KeduStart.Y - (i - 1) * _Y_KeduInCrementValue);
}
//画连接线
if (LinesIndex != 0)
{
float Y_K = 12.5f;
float Y_B = 500.0f;
float Y_Value1;
float Y_Value2;
Console.WriteLine("Y_Cnt: {0}，{1}， {2}， {3}", Y_array[0].Count, Y_array[1].Count, Y_array[2].Count, Y_array[3].Count);
//画笔定义 pen1
Pen pen3 = new Pen(Color.Green, 1.5f);
pen3.DashStyle = DashStyle.Solid;
if (((LinesIndex & 0x01) == 0x01) && (Y_array[0].Count > 1)) //Co
{
for (int i = 2; i <= Y_array[0].Count; i++)
{
Y_Value1 = Standard(Y_array[0][i - 2], Y_K, Y_B);
Y_Value2 = Standard(Y_array[0][i - 1], Y_K, Y_B);
//画点
//gph.DrawEllipse(Pens.Black, X_KeduStart.X + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_Value1, 3, 3);
//画折线
gph.DrawLine(pen3, cpt.X + (i - 2) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_Value1, cpt.X + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_Value2);
}
}
//画笔定义 pen1
Pen pen4 = new Pen(Color.Black, 1.5f);
pen3.DashStyle = DashStyle.Solid;
if (((LinesIndex & 0x02) == 0x02) && (Y_array[1].Count > 1)) //Dark
{
for (int i = 2; i <= Y_array[1].Count; i++)
{
Y_Value1 = Standard(Y_array[1][i - 2], Y_K, Y_B);
Y_Value2 = Standard(Y_array[1][i - 1], Y_K, Y_B);
//画点
//gph.DrawEllipse(Pens.Black, X_KeduStart.X + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_Value1, 3, 3);
//画折线
gph.DrawLine(pen4, cpt.X + (i - 2) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_Value1, cpt.X + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_Value2);
}
}
//画笔定义 pen1
Pen pen5 = new Pen(Color.Red, 1.5f);
pen3.DashStyle = DashStyle.Solid;
if (((LinesIndex & 0x04) == 0x04) && (Y_array[2].Count > 1)) //Light
{
for (int i = 2; i <= Y_array[2].Count; i++)
{
Y_Value1 = Standard(Y_array[2][i - 2], Y_K, Y_B);
Y_Value2 = Standard(Y_array[2][i - 1], Y_K, Y_B);
//画点
//gph.DrawEllipse(Pens.Black, X_KeduStart.X + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_Value1, 3, 3);
//画折线
gph.DrawLine(pen5, cpt.X + (i - 2) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_Value1, cpt.X + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_Value2);
}
}
//画笔定义 pen1
Pen pen6 = new Pen(Color.Blue, 1.5f);
pen3.DashStyle = DashStyle.Solid;
if (((LinesIndex & 0x08) == 0x08) && (Y_array[3].Count > 1)) //L_D
{
for (int i = 2; i <= Y_array[3].Count; i++)
{
Y_Value1 = Standard(Y_array[3][i - 2], Y_K, Y_B);
Y_Value2 = Standard(Y_array[3][i - 1], Y_K, Y_B);
//画点
//gph.DrawEllipse(Pens.Black, X_KeduStart.X + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_Value1, 3, 3);
//画折线
gph.DrawLine(pen6, cpt.X + (i - 2) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_Value1, cpt.X + (i - 1) * _X_KeduInCrementValue, Y_Value2);
}
}
}
return bmap;
//保存输出图片
}
}
#endregion
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