C++面向对象编程题 第14题

14.利用虚函数实现多态性来求正方体、球体和圆柱体的表面积和体积。

具体要求如下：

• 从正方体、球体和圆柱体的各种运算中抽象出一个公共基类 container 为抽象类，在其中定义求表面积和体积的纯虚函数（该抽象类本身是没有表面积和体积可言的）。在抽象类中定义一个公共的数据成员 radius，此数据可作为球的半径、正方体的边长、圆柱体底面圆半径。
• 由此抽象类派生出要描述的 3 个类，即 cube、 sphere 和 cylinder，在这 3 个类中都具有求表面积和体积的重定义版本

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#define PI 3.14159265
using namespace std;
class container{
public:
    container(double r):radius(r){}
    virtual double area()=0;
    virtual double volume()=0;
    double radius;
};
class cube:public container{
public:
    cube(double r):container(r){}
    virtual double area(){
        double area = radius*radius*6;
        return area;
    }
    virtual double volume(){
        double volume = radius*radius*radius;
        return volume;
    }
};
class sphere:public container{
public:
    sphere(double r):container(r){}
    virtual double area(){
        double area = PI*radius*radius*4;
        return area;
    }
    virtual double volume(){
        double volume = PI*radius*radius*radius*4/3;
        return volume;
    }
};
class cylinder:public container{
public:
    double height;
    cylinder(double r,double h):container(r),height(h){}
    virtual double area(){
        double area = PI*radius*radius*2+2*PI*radius*height;
        return area;
    }
    virtual double volume(){
        double volume = PI*radius*radius*height;
        return volume;
    }
};
int main(){
    cube cube(10);
    sphere sphere(10);
    cylinder cylinder(10,10);
    container *c;
    c = &cube;
    cout<<"cube:"<<endl;
    cout<<"area:"<<c->area()<<endl;
    cout<<"volume:"<<c->volume()<<endl;
    c = &sphere;
    cout<<"sphere:"<<endl;
    cout<<"area:"<<c->area()<<endl;
    cout<<"volume:"<<c->volume()<<endl;
    c = &cylinder;
    cout<<"cylinder:"<<endl;
    cout<<"area:"<<c->area()<<endl;
    cout<<"volume:"<<c->volume()<<endl;
    return 0;
}