Spring Boot学习笔记-员工管理系统（一）

Spring Boot学习

官网：https://spring.io/projects/spring-boot#overview

文档：https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.2.6.RELEASE/reference/html/

参考视频：【狂神说Java】SpringBoot最新教程IDEA版通俗易懂_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

项目完整参考代码：lexiaoyuan/SpringBootStudy: My Spring Boot study notes (github.com)、SpringBootStudy: 我的Spring Boot学习笔记 (gitee.com)

员工管理系统

准备工作

• 新建一个Spring Boot项目，并添加Web依赖。
• 将静态资源导入（将文件粘贴到文件夹下）到static目录和templates目录下

静态资源文件可参考项目完整代码：https://github.com/lexiaoyuan/SpringBootStudy/tree/main/springboot_study/springboot_04_system、https://gitee.com/lexiaoyuan/spring-boot-study/tree/master/springboot_study/springboot_04_system

• 在pom.xml中导入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
</dependency>

• 在Springboot04SystemApplication.java同级目录新建如下目录，并在resources目录下新建public和resources目录用于后面保存不同类型的静态资源。

• 在pojo目录下新建实体类Department.java和Employee.java

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Department {
    private Integer id;
    private String departmentName;
}

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Employee {
    private Integer id;
    private String lastName;
    private String email;
    private Integer gender;  // 0:女， 1：男
    private Department department;
    private Date birth;

    public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer gender, Department department) {
        this.id = id;
        this.lastName = lastName;
        this.email = email;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.department = department;
        // 默认生成日期
        this.birth = new Date();
    }
}

• 在dao目录下新建DepartmentDao.java和EmployeeDao.java

@Repository
public class DepartmentDao {

    // 模拟数据库中数据

    private static Map<Integer, Department> departments;

    static {
        departments = new HashMap<>(); //创建一个部门表
        departments.put(101, new Department(101, "外交部"));
        departments.put(102, new Department(102, "工信部"));
        departments.put(103, new Department(103, "教育部"));
        departments.put(104, new Department(104, "公安部"));
        departments.put(105, new Department(105, "财政部"));

    }

    // 操作数据库
    // 获得所有部门的信息
    public Collection<Department> getDepartments() {
        return departments.values();
    }

    // 通过id查询部门信息
    public Department getDepartmentById(Integer id) {
        return departments.get(id);
    }
}

@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {

    // 模拟数据库中数据
    private static Map<Integer, Employee> employees;

    @Autowired
    private DepartmentDao departmentDao;  //每个员工有一个所属部门

    static {
        employees = new HashMap<>();  // 创建一个员工表
        employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "AA", "A10012345@qq.com", 0, new Department(101, "外交部")));
        employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "BB", "B10012345@qq.com", 1, new Department(101, "工信部")));
        employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "CC", "C10012345@qq.com", 0, new Department(101, "教育部")));
        employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "DD", "D10012345@qq.com", 1, new Department(101, "公安部")));
        employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "EE", "E10012345@qq.com", 0, new Department(101, "财政部")));
    }

    // 操作数据库
    // id自增
    private static Integer initId = 1006;
    // 增加一名员工
    public void addEmployee(Employee employee){
        if(employee.getId() == null){
            employee.setId(initId++);
        }
        employee.setDepartment(departmentDao.getDepartmentById(employee.getDepartment().getId()));
        employees.put(employee.getId(), employee);
    }

    // 查询全部员工信息
    public Collection<Employee> getAll() {
        return employees.values();
    }

    // 通过id查询员工
    public Employee getEmployeeById(Integer id) {
        return employees.get(id);
    }

    // 通过id删除员工
    public void deleteEmployeeById(Integer id) {
        employees.remove(id);
    }

}

定制首页

• 在config目录下新建MyMvcConfig.java

@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        // 转到index.html
        registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
        registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("index");
    }
}

• 修改index.html

  • 首先需要添加thymeleaf的命名空间

  xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
  

  • 同时需要修改链接，要使用@{...}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
 <head>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
  <meta name="description" content="">
  <meta name="author" content="">
  <title>Sign in Template for Bootstrap</title>
  <link th:href="@{/css/bootstrap.min.css}" rel="stylesheet">
  <link th:href="@{/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet">
 </head>

 <body class="text-center">
  <form class="form-signin" th:action="@{/user/login}">
   <img class="mb-4" th:src="@{/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" alt="" width="72" height="72">
   <h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal">Please sign in</h1>
   <p style="color: red"></p>
   <label class="sr-only"></label>
   <input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" required="" autofocus="">
   <label class="sr-only"></label>
   <input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" required="">
   <div class="checkbox mb-3">
    <label>
          <input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> Remember me
        </label>
   </div>
   <button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit">Sign in</button>
   <p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2020-</p>
   <a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(l='zh_CN')}">中文</a>
   <a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(l='en_US')}">English</a>
  </form>

 </body>

</html>

• 访问：http://localhost:8080/ 或 http://localhost:8080/index.html

• 如果更改后访问没有更新，可能是thymeleaf模板引擎有缓存，可以在application.properties中设置

# 关闭模板引擎的缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false

• 还可以给访问增加一个目录，只需要修改application.properties

# 浏览器中所有的访问都需要加上/lexiaoyuan
server.servlet.context-path=/lexiaoyuan

首页配置的注意点：所有页面的静态资源都需要使用thymeleaf接管

页面国际化配置

• 首先在设置里修改一下项目的编码！统一设置为UTF-8

• 编写国际化配置文件，在resources目录下新建i18n目录。然后在i18n目录下新建login.properties、login_zh_CN.properties、login_en_US.properties文件

补充：可以看到IDEA会自动识别并更新了一个文件夹。

快捷操作：

• 编写配置文件，可以通过可视化窗口编写

• 也可以直接在文件中编辑

• 配置好的文件

login.properties：

login.password=密码
login.remember=记住我
login.signin=登录
login.tip=请登录
login.username=用户名

login_en_US.properties：

login.password=password
login.remember=Remember me
login.signin=Sign in
login.tip=Please sign in
login.username=Username

login_zh_CN.properties：

login.password=密码
login.remember=记住我
login.signin=登录
login.tip=请登录
login.username=用户名

• 配置国际化的配置文件路径。在application.properties中

# 配置国际化的配置文件路径
spring.messages.basename=i18n.login

• 在页面中得到配置的值

在thymeleaf中，通过添加th:text=#{...}属性获取值，或者通过[[#{...}]]方式获取

<form class="form-signin">
 <img class="mb-4" th:src="@{/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" alt="" width="72" height="72">
 <h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal">[[#{login.tip}]]</h1>
 <label class="sr-only"></label>
 <input type="text" name="username" class="form-control my-3" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus="">
 <label class="sr-only"></label>
 <input type="password" name="password" class="form-control my-3" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="">
 <div class="checkbox mb-3">
  <label>
        <input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> [[#{login.remember}]]
      </label>
 </div>
 <button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit">[[#{login.signin}]]</button>
 <p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2020-2060</p>
 <a class="btn btn-sm">中文</a>
 <a class="btn btn-sm">English</a>
</form>

通过点击按钮切换语言

• 首先在config目录下新建自定义的国际化配置类MyLocaleResolver.java

@Configuration
public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
    // 解析请求
    @Override
    public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest) {
        String language = httpServletRequest.getParameter("lang");

        Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();  // 没有参数就使用默认的

        // 请求带有语言参数
        if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(language)){
            // 语言_地区
            String[] split = language.split("_");
            locale = new Locale(split[0], split[1]);
        }
        return locale;
    }

    @Override
    public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Locale locale) {

    }
}

• 在MyMvcConfig.java中注入自定义的组件

@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        // 转到index.html
        registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
        registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("index");
    }

    // 往容器中注入自定义的组件
    @Bean
    public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
        return new MyLocaleResolver();
    }
}

• 在前端index.html页面中增加请求

在thymeleaf中使用@{...}表示链接，使用()携带参数

<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(lang='zh_CN')}">中文</a>
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(lang='en_US')}">English</a>

• 访问：http://localhost:8080/index.html

• 点击English

• OK！完成了国际化操作！

未完待续……