LeetCode----537. Complex Number Multiplication

1 题目

Given two strings representing two complex numbers.

You need to return a string representing their multiplication. Note i2 = -1 according to the definition.

Example 1:

Input: "1+1i", "1+1i"
Output: "0+2i"
Explanation: (1 + i) * (1 + i) = 1 + i2 + 2 * i = 2i, and you need convert it to the form of 0+2i.

Example 2:

Input: "1+-1i", "1+-1i"
Output: "0+-2i"
Explanation: (1 - i) * (1 - i) = 1 + i2 - 2 * i = -2i, and you need convert it to the form of 0+-2i.

Note:

1. The input strings will not have extra blank.
2. The input strings will be given in the form of a+bi, where the integer a and b will both belong to the range of [-100, 100]. And the output should be also in this form.

2 分析

这道题其实就是复数的乘法，(a+bi)(c+di) = (ac-bd) + (ad+bc)i

我觉得难点在于字符串的操作上
分割字符串
将字符串转换成整数：atoi( const char * str )
将数字转换成字符串（返回结果）：to_string( num )

3 C++实现

class Solution {
public:
    string complexNumberMultiply(string a, string b) {
        string real_1, real_2;
        string img_1, img_2;
        
        int pos_1 = 0;
        for(; a[pos_1] != '+'; pos_1++) {
            real_1.append(1, a[pos_1]);
        }
        for(pos_1 += 1; a[pos_1] != 'i'; pos_1++) {
            img_1.append(1, a[pos_1]);
        }
        
        int pos_2 = 0;
        for(; b[pos_2] != '+'; pos_2++) {
            real_2.append(1, b[pos_2]);
        }
        for(pos_2 += 1; b[pos_2] != 'i'; pos_2++) {
            img_2.append(1, b[pos_2]);
        }
        
        int r1 = atoi(real_1.c_str());
        int r2 = atoi(real_2.c_str());
        int i1 = atoi(img_1.c_str());
        int i2 = atoi(img_2.c_str());
        
        int ans_real = r1*r2-i1*i2;
        int ans_img = r1*i2+i1*r2;
        
        string ans = to_string(ans_real) + "+" + to_string(ans_img) + "i";
        
        return ans;
        
    }
};