SpringBoot之Creating Asynchronous Methods

后台程序采用异步方式处理，以获取GitHub用户信息为例。

1 简单用户model类

package creating.asynchronous.methods.hello;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties;

@JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown=true) 
public class User {

    private String name;
    private String blog;
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getBlog() {
        return blog;
    }
    public void setBlog(String blog) {
        this.blog = blog;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [name=" + name + ", blog=" + blog + "]";
    }
}

2 异步处理的Service类

package creating.asynchronous.methods.hello;

import java.util.concurrent.Future;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncResult;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Service
public class GitHubLookupService {

    RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

    public Future<User> findUser(String user) throws InterruptedException{
        System.out.println("Looking up " + user);
        User results = restTemplate.getForObject("https://api.github.com/users/" + user, User.class);
        // Artificial delay of 1s for demonstration purposes
        Thread.sleep(1000L);
        return new AsyncResult<User>(results);
    }
}

说明：

@Service annotation, making it a candidate for Spring’s component scanning to detect it and add it to the application context.

@Async annotation, indicating it will run on a separate thread. The method’s return type is Future instead of User, a requirement for any asynchronous service.

AsyncResult to wrap the results of the GitHub query.

3 Application

package creating.asynchronous.methods.hello;

import java.util.concurrent.Future;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAsync
public class Application implements CommandLineRunner {

    @Autowired
    GitHubLookupService gitHubLookupService;

    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        //Start the clock
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();

        //Kick of multiple, asynchronous lookups
        Future<User> page1 = gitHubLookupService.findUser("PivotalSoftware");
        Future<User> page2 = gitHubLookupService.findUser("CloudFoundry");
        Future<User> page3 = gitHubLookupService.findUser("Spring-Projects");

        //Wait until they are all done
        while(!(page1.isDone() && page2.isDone() && page3.isDone())){
            Thread.sleep(10);
        }

        System.out.println("Elapsed time: " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start));
        System.out.println(page1.get());
        System.out.println(page2.get());
        System.out.println(page3.get());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

}