安卓开发-Activity之间的数据传递

安卓开发-Activity之间的数据传递

开发环境:MacbookPro Catalina + Android Studio 3.5.3

1. 明确实现思路

创建两个Activity，名称分别为MainActivity和MainActivity2, 在MainActivity中添加一个输入框、一个按钮、以及一个显示返回值用的TextView，EditText输入一个传递的参数值，点击按钮后跳转到MainActivity2, 在MainActivity2中也添加一个输入框、一个按钮、以及一个用来显示传来的参数值的TextView，EditText用来输入返回值和返回的动作。

两个Activity之间都使用Intent来彼此传递数据；

2. 新建一个Empty Activity工程

工程名为:Test03

默为生成了一个MainActivity，打开对应的XML文件进行界面布局.

3. MainActivity的界面布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        android:id="@+id/layout1"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView_activity_title"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
            android:text="第一个界面"
            android:textStyle="bold"
            android:textAlignment="center"
            android:textSize="28dp" />

    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        android:id="@+id/layout2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/layout1">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView_title"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="@id/editText_param_content"
            app:layout_constraintBaseline_toBaselineOf="@id/editText_param_content"
            android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
            android:text="输入传递的参数:"
            android:textSize="18dp" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/editText_param_content"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@id/textView_title"
            android:layout_width="150dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:ems="10"
            android:inputType="textPersonName"
            android:text="Name" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="启动第二个界面" />


    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        android:id="@+id/layout3"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/layout2">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView_res_title"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
            android:text="第二个界面返回的内容:"
            android:textSize="18dp"
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView_res_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
            android:text="------"
            android:textSize="18dp"
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@id/textView_res_title" />
    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

4. MainActivity中代码实现

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    EditText editText;
    Button button;
    TextView textView_res;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        editText = findViewById(R.id.editText_param_content);
        button = findViewById(R.id.button);
        textView_res = findViewById(R.id.textView_res_content);

        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MainActivity2.class);
                intent.putExtra("param", editText.getText().toString());
                startActivityForResult(intent, 0x01);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

        if (requestCode == 0x01 && resultCode == 0x01) {
            String strResult = data.getStringExtra("result");
            textView_res.setText(strResult);
        }
    }
}

5. MainActivity2的界面布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity2">

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        android:id="@+id/layout21"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <TextView
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
            android:id="@+id/textView_activity2_title"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textAlignment="center"
            android:textStyle="bold"
            android:textSize="24dp"
            android:text="第二个界面" />

    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        android:id="@+id/layout22"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/layout21"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <TextView
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="@id/textView_value_content"
            android:id="@+id/textView_value_title"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textSize="16dp"
            android:text="从第一个界面收到的参数:" />

        <TextView
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@id/textView_value_title"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
            android:id="@+id/textView_value_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textSize="16dp"
            android:text="------" />
    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        android:id="@+id/layout23"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/layout22"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView_result_title"
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="@id/editText_return_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textSize="16dp"
            android:text="返回给第一个界面的值:" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/editText_return_content"
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@id/textView_result_title"
            app:layout_constraintBaseline_toBaselineOf="@id/textView_result_title"
            android:layout_width="150dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:ems="10"
            android:inputType="textPersonName"
            android:text="" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button_return"
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@id/editText_return_content"
            app:layout_constraintBaseline_toBaselineOf="@id/editText_return_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="返回" />
    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

6. MainActivity中代码实现

public class MainActivity2 extends AppCompatActivity {

    TextView textView_value;
    EditText editText_return_content;
    Button button_return;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);

        textView_value = findViewById(R.id.textView_value_content);
        editText_return_content = findViewById(R.id.editText_return_content);
        button_return = findViewById(R.id.button_return);

        final Intent intent = getIntent();
        String strParam = intent.getStringExtra("param");
        textView_value.setText(strParam);

        button_return.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                intent.putExtra("result",editText_return_content.getText().toString());
                setResult(0x01,intent);
                finish();
            }
        });

    }
}

7. 运行效果如下