安卓开发-Activity之间的数据传递
开发环境:MacbookPro Catalina + Android Studio 3.5.3
1. 明确实现思路
创建两个Activity,名称分别为MainActivity和MainActivity2, 在MainActivity中添加一个输入框、一个按钮、以及一个显示返回值用的TextView,EditText输入一个传递的参数值,点击按钮后跳转到MainActivity2, 在MainActivity2中也添加一个输入框、一个按钮、以及一个用来显示传来的参数值的TextView,EditText用来输入返回值和返回的动作。
两个Activity之间都使用Intent来彼此传递数据;
2. 新建一个Empty Activity工程
工程名为:Test03
默为生成了一个MainActivity,打开对应的XML文件进行界面布局.
3. MainActivity的界面布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
android:id="@+id/layout1"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView_activity_title"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
android:text="第一个界面"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:textAlignment="center"
android:textSize="28dp" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
android:id="@+id/layout2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/layout1">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView_title"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="@id/editText_param_content"
app:layout_constraintBaseline_toBaselineOf="@id/editText_param_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="输入传递的参数:"
android:textSize="18dp" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText_param_content"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@id/textView_title"
android:layout_width="150dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="textPersonName"
android:text="Name" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="启动第二个界面" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
android:id="@+id/layout3"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/layout2">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView_res_title"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="第二个界面返回的内容:"
android:textSize="18dp"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView_res_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="------"
android:textSize="18dp"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@id/textView_res_title" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
4. MainActivity中代码实现
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
EditText editText;
Button button;
TextView textView_res;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
editText = findViewById(R.id.editText_param_content);
button = findViewById(R.id.button);
textView_res = findViewById(R.id.textView_res_content);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MainActivity2.class);
intent.putExtra("param", editText.getText().toString());
startActivityForResult(intent, 0x01);
}
});
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
if (requestCode == 0x01 && resultCode == 0x01) {
String strResult = data.getStringExtra("result");
textView_res.setText(strResult);
}
}
}
5. MainActivity2的界面布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity2">
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
android:id="@+id/layout21"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<TextView
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
android:id="@+id/textView_activity2_title"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAlignment="center"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:textSize="24dp"
android:text="第二个界面" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
android:id="@+id/layout22"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/layout21"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<TextView
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="@id/textView_value_content"
android:id="@+id/textView_value_title"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="16dp"
android:text="从第一个界面收到的参数:" />
<TextView
app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@id/textView_value_title"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
android:id="@+id/textView_value_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="16dp"
android:text="------" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
android:id="@+id/layout23"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/layout22"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView_result_title"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="@id/editText_return_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="16dp"
android:text="返回给第一个界面的值:" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText_return_content"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@id/textView_result_title"
app:layout_constraintBaseline_toBaselineOf="@id/textView_result_title"
android:layout_width="150dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="textPersonName"
android:text="" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_return"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@id/editText_return_content"
app:layout_constraintBaseline_toBaselineOf="@id/editText_return_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="返回" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
6. MainActivity中代码实现
public class MainActivity2 extends AppCompatActivity {
TextView textView_value;
EditText editText_return_content;
Button button_return;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);
textView_value = findViewById(R.id.textView_value_content);
editText_return_content = findViewById(R.id.editText_return_content);
button_return = findViewById(R.id.button_return);
final Intent intent = getIntent();
String strParam = intent.getStringExtra("param");
textView_value.setText(strParam);
button_return.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
intent.putExtra("result",editText_return_content.getText().toString());
setResult(0x01,intent);
finish();
}
});
}
}
7. 运行效果如下