apt-get update更新源时，出现“Hash Sum mismatch”问题

当使用apt-get update更新源时，出现下面“Hash Sum mismatch”的报错，具体如下：

root@localhost:~# apt-get update...........

W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/main/source/Sources Hash Sum mismatchW: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/restricted/source/Sources Hash Sum mismatchW: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/universe/source/Sources Hash Sum mismatchW: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/multiverse/source/Sources Hash Sum mismatchW: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/main/binary-amd64/Packages Hash Sum mismatchW: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/restricted/binary-amd64/Packages Hash Sum mismatchW: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/universe/binary-amd64/Packages Hash Sum mismatchW: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/multiverse/binary-amd64/Packages Hash Sum mismatchW: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/main/binary-i386/Packages Hash Sum mismatchW: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/restricted/binary-i386/Packages Hash Sum mismatchW: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/universe/binary-i386/Packages Hash Sum mismatchW: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/multiverse/binary-i386/Packages Hash Sum mismatchE: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead. 

产生原因：所使用的网络供应商，有些会设置一些透明缓存，以增加网络内部速度，减少出口的流量，所获取的某些文件不是源服务器上的真正文件，是从缓存中获取的，当缓存中获取的一些校验信息跟源中不一致的时候，自然提示校验失败，无法继续更新。

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解决办法一：

1）删掉/var/lib/apt/lists 这个目录下的东西sudo rm -fR /var/lib/apt/lists/* （rm -f /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/*）

2）新建相应文件夹 sudo mkdir /var/lib/apt/lists/partial 

3）重新update sudo apt-get update

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解决方法二：Ubuntu使用阿里云软件源

如果在安装Ubuntu时，选择的地区为美国，建议更新为阿里云或国内 软件源

sudo sed -i s/archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo sed -i s/security.ubuntu.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g /etc/apt/sources.listsudo apt-get update

 

如果在安装Ubuntu时，选择的地区为中国，可以直接使用或更新为阿里云软件源

sudo sed -i s/cn.archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo sed -i s/security.ubuntu.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt-get update

然后就可以成功了，请看结果：

Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Translation-en_US                 
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/multiverse Translation-en_US           
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted Translation-en_US           
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Translation-en_US             
Fetched 6,422 kB in 25s (250 kB/s)                                             
Reading package lists... Done