触摸事件
在用户使用app过程中，会产生各种各样的事件
iOS中的事件可以分为3大类型
<code class="hljs has-numbering">触摸事件： 加速计事件： 远程控制事件：</code>
响应者对象
在iOS中不是任何对象都能处理事件，只有继承了UIResponder的对象才能接收并处理事件。我们称之为“响应者对象”
UIApplication、UIViewController、UIView都继承自UIResponder，因此它们都是响应者对象，都能够接收并处理事件
UIResponder
<code class="hljs erlang has-numbering"><span class="hljs-variable">UIResponder</span>内部提供了以下方法来处理事件 触摸事件 <span class="hljs-pp">- <span class="hljs-params">(void)</span>touchesBegan:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">NSSet</span> *)</span>touches withEvent:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEvent</span> *)</span>event; - <span class="hljs-params">(void)</span>touchesMoved:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">NSSet</span> *)</span>touches withEvent:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEvent</span> *)</span>event; - <span class="hljs-params">(void)</span>touchesEnded:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">NSSet</span> *)</span>touches withEvent:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEvent</span> *)</span>event; - <span class="hljs-params">(void)</span>touchesCancelled:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">NSSet</span> *)</span>touches withEvent:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEvent</span> *)</span>event; 加速计事件 - <span class="hljs-params">(void)</span>motionBegan:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEventSubtype</span>)</span>motion withEvent:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEvent</span> *)</span>event; - <span class="hljs-params">(void)</span>motionEnded:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEventSubtype</span>)</span>motion withEvent:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEvent</span> *)</span>event; - <span class="hljs-params">(void)</span>motionCancelled:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEventSubtype</span>)</span>motion withEvent:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEvent</span> *)</span>event; 远程控制事件 - <span class="hljs-params">(void)</span>remoteControlReceivedWithEvent:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEvent</span> *)</span>event; </span></code><h2 id="uiview的触摸事件处理">UIView的触摸事件处理</h2><pre name="code" class="prettyprint"><code class="hljs erlang has-numbering"><span class="hljs-variable">UIView</span>是<span class="hljs-variable">UIResponder</span>的子类，可以覆盖下列<span class="hljs-number">4</span>个方法处理不同的触摸事件 一根或者多根手指开始触摸view，系统会自动调用view的下面方法 <span class="hljs-pp">- <span class="hljs-params">(void)</span>touchesBegan:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">NSSet</span> *)</span>touches withEvent:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEvent</span> *)</span>event 一根或者多根手指在view上移动，系统会自动调用view的下面方法（随着手指的移动，会持续调用该方法） - <span class="hljs-params">(void)</span>touchesMoved:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">NSSet</span> *)</span>touches withEvent:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEvent</span> *)</span>event 一根或者多根手指离开view，系统会自动调用view的下面方法 - <span class="hljs-params">(void)</span>touchesEnded:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">NSSet</span> *)</span>touches withEvent:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEvent</span> *)</span>event 触摸结束前，某个系统事件<span class="hljs-params">(例如电话呼入)</span>会打断触摸过程，系统会自动调用view的下面方法 - <span class="hljs-params">(void)</span>touchesCancelled:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">NSSet</span> *)</span>touches withEvent:<span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable">UIEvent</span> *)</span>event 提示：touches中存放的都是UITouch对象</span></code>
UITouch
当用户用一根手指触摸屏幕时，会创建一个与手指相关联的UITouch对象
一根手指对应一个UITouch对象
UITouch的作用
保存着跟手指相关的信息，比如触摸的位置、时间、阶段
当手指移动时，系统会更新同一个UITouch对象，使之能够一直保存该手指在的触摸位置
当手指离开屏幕时，系统会销毁相应的UITouch对象
提示：iPhone开发中，要避免使用双击事件！
UITouch属性
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering">触摸产生时所处的窗口 <span class="hljs-keyword">@property</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">nonatomic</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">readonly</span>,retain) <span class="hljs-built_in">UIWindow</span> *window; 触摸产生时所处的视图 <span class="hljs-keyword">@property</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">nonatomic</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">readonly</span>,retain) <span class="hljs-built_in">UIView</span> *view; 短时间内点按屏幕的次数，可以根据tapCount判断单击、双击或更多的点击 <span class="hljs-keyword">@property</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">nonatomic</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">readonly</span>) NSUInteger tapCount; 记录了触摸事件产生或变化时的时间，单位是秒 <span class="hljs-keyword">@property</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">nonatomic</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">readonly</span>) <span class="hljs-built_in">NSTimeInterval</span> timestamp; 当前触摸事件所处的状态 <span class="hljs-keyword">@property</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">nonatomic</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">readonly</span>) UITouchPhase phase; </code>
UITouch方法
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering">- (<span class="hljs-built_in">CGPoint</span>)locationInView:(<span class="hljs-built_in">UIView</span> *)view; 返回值表示触摸在view上的位置 这里返回的位置是针对view的坐标系的（以view的左上角为原点(<span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>)） 调用时传入的view参数为<span class="hljs-literal">nil</span>的话，返回的是触摸点在<span class="hljs-built_in">UIWindow</span>的位置 - (<span class="hljs-built_in">CGPoint</span>)previousLocationInView:(<span class="hljs-built_in">UIView</span> *)view; 该方法记录了前一个触摸点的位置</code>
UIEvent
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering">每产生一个事件，就会产生一个UIEvent对象 UIEvent：称为事件对象，记录事件产生的时刻和类型 常见属性 事件类型 <span class="hljs-keyword">@property</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">nonatomic</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">readonly</span>) UIEventType type; <span class="hljs-keyword">@property</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">nonatomic</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">readonly</span>) UIEventSubtype subtype; 事件产生的时间 <span class="hljs-keyword">@property</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">nonatomic</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">readonly</span>) <span class="hljs-built_in">NSTimeInterval</span> timestamp; UIEvent还提供了相应的方法可以获得在某个view上面的触摸对象（UITouch） </code>
touches和event参数
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering">一次完整的触摸过程，会经历<span class="hljs-number">3</span>个状态： 触摸开始：- (<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span>)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)<span class="hljs-keyword">event</span> 触摸移动：- (<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span>)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)<span class="hljs-keyword">event</span> 触摸结束：- (<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span>)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)<span class="hljs-keyword">event</span> 触摸取消（可能会经历）：- (<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span>)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)<span class="hljs-keyword">event</span> <span class="hljs-number">4</span>个触摸事件处理方法中，都有NSSet *touches和UIEvent *<span class="hljs-keyword">event</span>两个参数 一次完整的触摸过程中，只会产生一个事件对象，<span class="hljs-number">4</span>个触摸方法都是同一个<span class="hljs-keyword">event</span>参数 如果两根手指同时触摸一个view，那么view只会调用一次touchesBegan:withEvent:方法，touches参数中装着<span class="hljs-number">2</span>个UITouch对象 如果这两根手指一前一后分开触摸同一个view，那么view会分别调用<span class="hljs-number">2</span>次touchesBegan:withEvent:方法，并且每次调用时的touches参数中只包含一个UITouch对象 根据touches中UITouch的个数可以判断出是单点触摸还是多点触摸</code>
触摸事件实例
<code class="hljs java has-numbering">
#<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> <span class="hljs-string">"TouchView.h"</span>
<span class="hljs-annotation">@implementation</span> TouchView
<span class="hljs-comment">// 一个完整的触摸过程:touchesBegan -> touchesMoved -> touchesEnded</span>
<span class="hljs-javadoc">/**
* 触摸开始(手指刚碰到view)
*/</span>
- (<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span>)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
<span class="hljs-comment">// event.type</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// 随机取一个对象</span>
UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject];
NSLog(@<span class="hljs-string">"touchesBegan--%d"</span>, touches.count);
NSLog(@<span class="hljs-string">"%d"</span>, touch.tapCount);
}
<span class="hljs-javadoc">/**
* 触摸ing(手指在view上面挪来挪去)
*/</span>
- (<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span>)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject];
<span class="hljs-comment">// 当前触摸点</span>
CGPoint current = [touch locationInView:self];
<span class="hljs-comment">// 上一个触摸点</span>
CGPoint previous = [touch previousLocationInView:self];
<span class="hljs-comment">// 修改当前view的位置(中点)</span>
CGPoint center = self.center;
center.x += current.x - previous.x;
center.y += current.y - previous.y;
self.center = center;
}
<span class="hljs-javadoc">/**
* 触摸结束(手指离开view)
*/</span>
- (<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span>)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
<span class="hljs-comment">// UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject];</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// NSLog(@"touchesEnded--%d", touches.count);</span>
}
<span class="hljs-annotation">@end</span></code>
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