一個簡單的802.11b ad-hoc網路實驗

[一個簡單的802.11b ad-hoc網路實驗]

        資料來源：http://mailman.isi.edu/pipermail/ns-users/2004-March/040068.html

 

[模擬網路的架構圖]

        n0  ---------------------   n1

     (802.11b ad-hoc network)

 

[TCL程式碼]

# wireless.tcl # A simple example for wireless simulation #====================================================================== # Define options #====================================================================== set val(chan)           Channel/WirelessChannel    ;# channel type set val(prop)           Propagation/TwoRayGround   ;# radio-propagationmodel set val(netif)           Phy/WirelessPhy            ;# network interface type set val(mac)            Mac/802_11                 ;# MAC type set val(ifq)            Queue/DropTail/PriQueue    ;# interface queue type set val(ll)             LL                         ;# link layer type set val(ant)            Antenna/OmniAntenna        ;# antenna model set val(ifqlen)         50                         ;# max packet in ifq set val(nn)             2                          ;# number of mobilenodes set val(rp)             DSDV                       ;# routing protocol   # ===================================================================== # Main Program (主程式) # =====================================================================   # 產生一個模擬的物件 set ns_              [new Simulator]   #定義一個記錄檔,用來記錄封包傳送的過程 set tracefd     [open simple.tr w] $ns_ trace-all $tracefd   #開啟一個NAM trace file set nf [open out.nam w] $ns_ namtrace-all-wireless $nf 500 500   # set up topography object #建立一個拓樸物件 set topo       [new Topography]   # 拓樸的範圍為 500m x 500m $topo load_flatgrid 500 500   # # Create God # create-god $val(nn)   set chan_1_ [new $val(chan)]   # #  Create the specified number of mobilenodes [$val(nn)] and "attach" them #  to the channel. #  Here two nodes are created : node(0) and node(1)   # configure node # 設置節點參數         $ns_ node-config -adhocRouting $val(rp) /                          -llType $val(ll) /                          -macType $val(mac) /                          -ifqType $val(ifq) /                          -ifqLen $val(ifqlen) /                          -antType $val(ant) /                          -propType $val(prop) /                          -phyType $val(netif) /                          -channel $chan_1_ /                          -topoInstance $topo /                          -agentTrace ON /                          -routerTrace ON /                          -macTrace OFF /                          -movementTrace OFF                      #802.11b的參數設定 ＃c onfiguration for Orinoco 802.11b 11Mbps PC card with ->22.5m range Phy/WirelessPhy set Pt_ 0.031622777 Phy/WirelessPhy set bandwidth_ 11Mb Mac/802_11 set dataRate_ 11Mb Mac/802_11 set basicRate_ 1Mb # for broadcast packets Phy/WirelessPhy set freq_ 2.472e9 # channel-13.2.472GHz Phy/WirelessPhy set CPThresh_ 10.0 Phy/WirelessPhy set CSThresh_ 5.011872e-12 Phy/WirelessPhy set L_ 1.0               Phy/WirelessPhy set RXThresh_ 5.82587e-09                                   for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } {incr i} {                 set node_($i) [$ns_ node]                 $node_($i) random-motion 0            ;# disable random motion         }   # # Provide initial (X,Y, for now Z=0) co-ordinates for mobilenodes # # 設定節點0的位置在(10.0, 20.0, 0.0) $node_(0) set X_ 10.0 $node_(0) set Y_ 20.0 $node_(0) set Z_ 0.0   # 設定節點1的位置在(10.0, 40.0, 0.0) $node_(1) set X_ 10.0 $node_(1) set Y_ 40.0 $node_(1) set Z_ 0.0   $ns_ initial_node_pos $node_(0) 10 $ns_ initial_node_pos $node_(1) 10   # Setup traffic flow between nodes #在節點0到節點1之間建立一條FTP連線 set tcp [new Agent/TCP/Sack1] $tcp set class_ 2 set sink [new Agent/TCPSink/Sack1] $ns_ attach-agent $node_(0) $tcp $ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $sink $ns_ connect $tcp $sink set ftp [new Application/FTP] $ftp attach-agent $tcp   #在1.0秒時,開始傳送資料 $ns_ at 1.0 "$ftp start"   # Tell nodes when the simulation ends   for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } {incr i} {     $ns_ at 40.0 "$node_($i) reset"; }   #在40.0秒時,結束傳送資料 $ns_ at 40.0 "stop" $ns_ at 40.01 "puts /"NS EXITING.../" ; $ns_ halt"   proc stop {} {     global ns_ tracefd     $ns_ flush-trace     close $tracefd }   puts "Starting Simulation..." $ns_ run

 

[執行方法]

$ns wireless.tcl

 

[執行結果]

        會產生一個simple.tr的記錄檔，部份的內容如下。

s 0.029290548 _1_ RTR  --- 0 message 32 [0 0 0 0] ------- [1:255 -1:255 32 0] r 0.030062615 _0_ RTR  --- 0 message 32 [0 ffffffff 1 800] ------- [1:255 -1:255 32 0] s 1.000000000 _0_ AGT  --- 1 tcp 40 [0 0 0 0] ------- [0:0 1:0 32 0] [0 0] 0 0 r 1.000000000 _0_ RTR  --- 1 tcp 40 [0 0 0 0] ------- [0:0 1:0 32 0] [0 0] 0 0 s 1.000000000 _0_ RTR  --- 1 tcp 60 [0 0 0 0] ------- [0:0 1:0 32 1] [0 0] 0 0 r 1.003800194 _1_ AGT  --- 1 tcp 60 [13a 1 0 800] ------- [0:0 1:0 32 1] [0 0] 1 0 s 1.003800194 _1_ AGT  --- 2 ack 40 [0 0 0 0] ------- [1:0 0:0 32 0] [0 0] 0 0 r 1.003800194 _1_ RTR  --- 2 ack 40 [0 0 0 0] ------- [1:0 0:0 32 0] [0 0] 0 0 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．

 

格式說明：

1.      第一個欄位是Event Type。s：send、r: Receive、d: Drop、f: Forward。

2.      第二個欄位是Time。

3.      第三個欄位是Node ID。

4.      第四個欄位是Trace Name。RTR：Router Trace、AGT：Agent Trace、MAC：Mac Trace。

5.      第七個欄位是Packet Type

6.      第八個欄位是Packet Size。

7.      第十四個欄位是Source Address。(NodeID.PortNumber)

8.      第十五個欄位是Destination Address。(NodeID.PortNumber)

 

[Throughput分析程式碼]

 

1.      cc.sh

awk -f cc.awk simple.tr | sort -u

 

1.      cc.awk

{  if (($1 == "r") && (NF == 21)) {   if ($4 == "AGT") {     print $14, $15;   }  } }

[註] NF是AWK的內定變數，意思是number of fields (NF)，簡單的說，就是每一行有幾個欄位資料。

 

2.      st.sh

while read s d do     printf "%s/t %s/t" $s $d     awk -f st.awk -v src="/$s" -v dst="$d" simple.tr done

 

3.      st.awk

BEGIN {   total = 0;   n=0; } {  if (($14 == src) && ($15 == dst)) {   if (($1 =="r") && ($4 =="AGT")) {    if (n == 0) start = $2;    total += $8 * 8;    n +=1;    end = $2;   }  } } END {  throughput = total / (end-start) / 1024;    print start, "/t", end, "/t",throughput, "Kbps"; }

 

[執行的方法]

$sh cc.sh | sh st.sh

 

[執行的結果]

[0:0  1:0 1.003800194  39.999500087       2213.26 Kbps

[1:0  0:0 1.114528190  39.997336614       125.562 Kbps

 

[說明]

節點0到節點1的FTP資料傳送，average throughput是2213.26 Kbps。