virtual析构函数的作用

#include <iostream.h>

class Base
{
public:
	Base(){
		cout<<"Base Constructor"<<endl;
	}
	~Base(){
		cout<<"Base Destructor"<<endl;
	}
public:
	virtual void DoSomething(){
		cout<<"Base DoSomething"<<endl;
	}
};

class Derived:public Base
{
public:
	Derived(){
		cout<<"Derived Constructor"<<endl;
	}
	~Derived(){
		cout<<"Derived Destructor"<<endl;
	}
public:
	void DoSomething(){
		cout<<"Derived DoSomething"<<endl;
	}
};

int main()
{
	Base *p1 = new Base;
	p1->DoSomething();
	delete p1;
	cout<<endl;

	Base *p2 = new Derived;
	p2->DoSomething();
	delete p2;
	cout<<endl;

	Derived *p3 = new Derived;
	p3->DoSomething();
	delete p3;

	return 0;
}

在Base类的析构函数没有virtual的情况上，上述代码中结果为

       Base *p1 = new Base
Base Constructor
Base DoSomething
Base Destructor

        Base *p2 = new Derived
Base Constructor
Derived Constructor
Derived DoSomething//这里本意图应该有Derived Destructor,没有执行Derived类的析构函数
Base Destructor

        Derived *p3 = new Derived
Base Constructor
Derived Constructor
Derived DoSomething
Derived Destructor
Base Destructor

在Base类的析构函数加了virtual的情况上，上述代码中结果为
        Base *p1 = new Base
Base Constructor
Base DoSomething
Base Destructor

        Base *p2 = new Derived
Base Constructor
Derived Constructor
Derived DoSomething
Derived Destructor//这里执行了Derived类的析构函数
Base Destructor

        Derived *p3 = new Derived
Base Constructor
Derived Constructor
Derived DoSomething
Derived Destructor
Base Destructor

总结：很明显,当把一个类作为基类的时候，用基类的指针指向派生类的地址,通过基类的指针来调用其成员函数时，应该把基类析构函数定义为virtual,这样派生类的析构函数就会执行