HttpClient发送请求示例

HttpClient 相对于 HttpUrlConnection 来说功能更加强大，用起来也更简单，可以看做是增强版的 HttpURLConnection。本文记录通过HttpClient发送一些常用请求的方法。

普通GET请求

public static String get(String httpUrl) {
	String result = "";
	try (CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build()) {
		HttpGet request = new HttpGet(httpUrl);
        // 自定义请求头。例如在请求头中添加 jwt-token
		request.setHeader("xxx", "xxx");

		try (CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request)) {
			HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
			if (responseEntity != null){
				result = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity,"utf-8");
				System.out.println("响应内容：" + result);
			}
		}
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	return result;
}

普通POST请求

public static String post(String httpUrl, String jsonParams) {
	String result = "";
	try (CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build()) {
		HttpPost request = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
		request.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
        // 自定义请求头。例如在请求头中添加 jwt-token
		request.setHeader("xxx", "xxx");

		StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonParams, "UTF-8");
		request.setEntity(entity);

		try (CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request)) {
			HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
			if (responseEntity != null){
				result = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity,"utf-8");
				System.out.println("响应内容：" + result);
			}
		}
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	return result;
}

POST请求发送文件

/**
 * 发送文件
 * @param httpUrl    要发送请求的url
 * @param filePath   要发送的文件路径
 * @param params     参数列表
 * @param headerMap  header参数
 */
public static void postFile(String httpUrl, String filePath, Map<String, 
       String> params, Map<String, String> headerMap) {
	try (CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build()) {
		HttpPost post = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
		// 自定义请求头，比如添加 token 等
		if (headerMap != null) {
			for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headerMap.entrySet()) {
				post.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
			}
		}

		// 将 java.io.File 对象添加到 HttpEntity 对象中
		MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
		builder.setCharset(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
		builder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE); // 设置浏览器兼容
		builder.addPart("file", new FileBody(new File(filePath)));
		// 设置其它参数
		if (params != null) {
			for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
				builder.addPart(entry.getKey(),
						new StringBody(entry.getValue(), 
                        ContentType.create("text/plain", Consts.UTF_8)));
			}
		}
		post.setEntity(builder.build());

		// 发送请求并获取结果
		try (CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post)) {
			HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
			if (entity != null){
				log.info("响应内容：" + EntityUtils.toString(entity));
			}
		}
	} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
}

Https请求并信任所有证书

public static String httpsGet(String httpsUrl) {
	String result = "";
	try (CloseableHttpClient httpClient = createSSLClientDefault()) {
		HttpGet request = new HttpGet(httpsUrl);
		// 自定义请求头。例如在请求头中添加 jwt-token
		request.setHeader("xxx", "xxx");

		try (CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request)) {
			HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
			if (responseEntity != null){
				result = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity, "utf-8");
				log.info("响应内容：" + result);
			}
		}
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	return result;
}

public static CloseableHttpClient createSSLClientDefault() {
	try {
		// 使用 loadTrustMaterial() 方法实现一个信任策略，信任所有证书
		SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder()
				.loadTrustMaterial(null, (chain, authType) -> true).build();
		// NoopHostnameVerifier:  主机名验证工具，它关闭了主机名验证，接受任何有效的SSL会话并匹配到目标主机
		HostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier = NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE;
		SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, hostnameVerifier);
		return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
	} catch (Exception e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	return HttpClients.createDefault();
}