C++计时函数

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <thread>
#include <chrono>
#if defined WINDOWS
#include <Windows.h>
#else
#include <sys/time.h>
#endif

using namespace std;

#if defined WINDOWS
LONGLONG get_curr_usec()
{
	LARGE_INTEGER tm, freq;
	QueryPerformanceFrequency(&freq);
	QueryPerformanceCounter(&tm);

	tm.QuadPart *= 1000000;
	tm.QuadPart /= freq.QuadPart;

	return tm.QuadPart;
}
#else
LONGLONG get_curr_usec()
{
	struct timeval tv;
	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
	
	return tv.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv.tv_usec;
}
#endif

void test_clock()
{
	auto time_point = chrono::system_clock::time_point();
	auto system_start = chrono::system_clock::now();

	long long start_time = get_curr_usec();
	for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
	{
		auto now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
		auto curr_time = get_curr_usec();
		
		auto diff = now - system_start;
		auto micro_second1 = chrono::duration_cast<chrono::microseconds>(diff);
		auto micro_second2 = curr_time - start_time;
		printf("std micro_second:[%8lld], Performance micro_second:[%8lld]\n", micro_second1.count(), micro_second2);
	}
}

int main()
{
	test_clock();
	return 0;
}

windows下执行结果：

std micro_second:[       0], Performance micro_second:[       0]
std micro_second:[       0], Performance micro_second:[     197]
std micro_second:[     997], Performance micro_second:[    1041]
std micro_second:[    2996], Performance micro_second:[    3631]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    3745]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    3804]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    3861]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    3952]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    4011]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    4068]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    4132]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    4196]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    4253]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    4312]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    4370]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    4423]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    4478]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    4535]
std micro_second:[    3996], Performance micro_second:[    4592]
std micro_second:[    4994], Performance micro_second:[    4759]

linux下执行结果：

std micro_second:[       2], Performance micro_second:[       0]
std micro_second:[      39], Performance micro_second:[      37]
std micro_second:[      42], Performance micro_second:[      40]
std micro_second:[      44], Performance micro_second:[      42]
std micro_second:[      47], Performance micro_second:[      45]
std micro_second:[      49], Performance micro_second:[      47]
std micro_second:[      51], Performance micro_second:[      50]
std micro_second:[      54], Performance micro_second:[      52]
std micro_second:[      56], Performance micro_second:[      55]
std micro_second:[      59], Performance micro_second:[      57]
std micro_second:[      61], Performance micro_second:[      59]
std micro_second:[      63], Performance micro_second:[      62]
std micro_second:[      66], Performance micro_second:[      64]
std micro_second:[      68], Performance micro_second:[      67]
std micro_second:[      71], Performance micro_second:[      69]
std micro_second:[      73], Performance micro_second:[      71]
std micro_second:[      75], Performance micro_second:[      74]
std micro_second:[      78], Performance micro_second:[      76]
std micro_second:[      80], Performance micro_second:[      78]
std micro_second:[      83], Performance micro_second:[      81]

对比执行结果可见：

在Windows下，标准库获取系统时间的精度实现是低于标准库函数定义的精度，大约在10毫秒左右更新一次。

在Linux下，则能精确到微秒级别，而且因为性能原因执行耗时远远低于windows。

而根据CPU主频计算时间在两个操作系统下都能给出较高的精度。