Fragment回退栈实现

Demo代码
布局文件：activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/fl"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:background="#55ff0000"
        />
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal">
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btnA"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="FragmentA"
            />
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btnB"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="FragmentB"
            />
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btnC"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="FragmentC"
            />
    </LinearLayout>


</LinearLayout>

Fragment布局文件：FragmentA.java

package com.test.fragmentdemo;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

public class FragmentA extends Fragment {
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        TextView textView = new TextView(getActivity());
        textView.setText("我是FragmentA");
        textView.setTextSize(30);
        textView.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#ff0000"));
        return textView;
    }
}

Fragment布局文件：FragmentB.java

package com.test.fragmentdemo;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

public class FragmentB extends Fragment {
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        TextView textView = new TextView(getActivity());
        textView.setText("我是FragmentB");
        textView.setTextSize(30);
        textView.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#00ff00"));
        return textView;
    }
}

Fragment布局文件：FragmentC.java

package com.test.fragmentdemo;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

public class FragmentC extends Fragment {
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        TextView textView = new TextView(getActivity());
        textView.setText("我是FragmentC");
        textView.setTextSize(30);
        textView.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#0000ff"));
        return textView;
    }
}

主界面：MainActivity.java

package com.test.fragmentdemo;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.app.FragmentManager;
import android.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    private boolean isFirstClickB = true;
    private boolean isFirstClickC = true;

    private FragmentA fragmentA;
    private FragmentB fragmentB;
    private FragmentC fragmentC;

    private List<Fragment> fragmentList = new ArrayList<Fragment>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        fragmentA = new FragmentA();  //new FragmentA()不会执行Fragment的生命周期
        fragmentB = new FragmentB();
        fragmentC = new FragmentC();

        findViewById(R.id.btnA).setOnClickListener(this);
        findViewById(R.id.btnB).setOnClickListener(this);
        findViewById(R.id.btnC).setOnClickListener(this);


        // 1.获取FragmentManager
        FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
        // 2.通过FragmentManager获取事务管理器
        FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        // 3.将Fragment添加到帧布局中,初始显示为FragmentA
        // 一般不这么用，这样操作加载会比较慢
        /*transaction.add(R.id.fl, fragmentA, "FragmentA")
                .add(R.id.fl, fragmentB, "FragmentB")
                .add(R.id.fl, fragmentC, "FragmentC")
                .hide(fragmentB)
                .hide(fragmentC)
                .commit();*/
        transaction.add(R.id.fl, fragmentA, "FragmentA")
                .commit();

        addToBackStack(fragmentA);
    }

    private void addToBackStack(Fragment fragment) {
        if (fragmentList.contains(fragment)) {
            /**
             * 先将集合列表中原有fragmet的删掉，再将fragment添加进集合列表的最后
             * 这样操作是为了更改fragment在集合列表中的顺序
             */
            fragmentList.remove(fragment);
            fragmentList.add(fragment);
        } else {
            fragmentList.add(fragment);
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        FragmentTransaction transaction = getFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
        transaction.hide(fragmentA).hide(fragmentB).hide(fragmentC);
        if (!isFirstClickB) {
            transaction.hide(fragmentB);
        }
        if (!isFirstClickC) {
            transaction.hide(fragmentC);
        }

        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.btnA:
                transaction.show(fragmentA);
                addToBackStack(fragmentA);
                break;
            case R.id.btnB:
                if (isFirstClickB) {
                    transaction.add(R.id.fl, fragmentB, "FragmentB");
                    isFirstClickB = false;
                }
                transaction.show(fragmentB);
                addToBackStack(fragmentB);
                break;
            case R.id.btnC:
                if (isFirstClickC) {
                    transaction.add(R.id.fl, fragmentC, "FragmentC");
                    isFirstClickC = false;
                }
                transaction.show(fragmentC);
                addToBackStack(fragmentC);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
        //把当前事务添加到回退栈中, 但是该功能不太好用
        //transaction.addToBackStack(null);
        transaction.commit();
    }

    @Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
        //super.onBackPressed();
        if (fragmentList.size() > 1) {
            fragmentList.remove(fragmentList.size() - 1);
            // 显示列表中最后一个Framgent布局
            showFragment(fragmentList.get(fragmentList.size() - 1));
        } else {
            // 如果当前栈中没有Fragment或者只有一个Fragment，直接退出Activity
            finish();
        }
    }

    private void showFragment(Fragment fragment) {
        FragmentTransaction transaction = getFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
        transaction.hide(fragmentA).hide(fragmentB).hide(fragmentC);
        transaction.show(fragment).commit();
    }

}