读的时候,实例的状态不会改变,“写”会改变线程的状态。
这种模式,把读写分开,读之前获取锁定,不给写;写之前获取锁定,不给读。
示例:WriteThread和ReadThread不断的读写公共的data。类Data中,有读写操作,他有一个lock,读写之前都会进行锁定。这个锁ReadWriteLock是按照如下实现的:
如果真正写的数量大于0或者等待优先的等待写入者大于0,那么想读的线程进入等待状态,直到可以读为止,然后读入,这时读入人数加1,读完后如如人数减去1,使优先写入为真,并通知在这个对象中的所有等待线程。写的过程与这个类似。
public class ReadWriteLock extends Thread{
private int readingReaders=0; //实际在读取的线程数
private int writingWriters=0; //实际写入的线程数
private int waitingWriters=0; //等待的线程数
private boolean preferWriter=true; //是否写入优先
public synchronized void readLock() throws InterruptedException{
while(writingWriters>0||(preferWriter &&waitingWriters>0)){
wait();
}
readingReaders++;
}
public synchronized void readUnlock(){
readingReaders--;
preferWriter=true;
notifyAll();
}
public synchronized void writeLock() throws InterruptedException{
waitingWriters++;
try{
while(readingReaders>0||writingWriters>0){
wait();
}
}finally{
waitingWriters--;
}
writingWriters++;
}
public synchronized void writeUnlock(){
writingWriters--;
preferWriter=false;
notifyAll();
}
}
public class ReadThread extends Thread {
private final Data data;
public ReadThread(Data data){
this.data=data;
}
public void run(){
try{
while(true){
char[] readbuf=data.read();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" reads "+String.valueOf(readbuf));
}
}catch(InterruptedException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
import java.util.Random;
public class WriteThread extends Thread{
private static final Random random=new Random();
private final Data data;
private String filler;
private int index;
public WriteThread(Data data,String filler){
this.data=data;
this.filler=filler;
}
public void run(){
try{
while(true){
char c=nextChar();
data.write(c);
Thread.sleep(3000);
}
}catch(InterruptedException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private char nextChar() {
char c=filler.charAt(index);
index++;
if(index>=filler.length()){
index=0;
}
return c;
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] arg){
Data data=new Data(10);
new ReadThread(data).start();
new ReadThread(data).start();
new ReadThread(data).start();
new ReadThread(data).start();
new ReadThread(data).start();
new ReadThread(data).start();
new WriteThread(data,"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ").start();
new WriteThread(data,"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz").start();
}
}