052试题 86 - crosscheck 命令及expried

题目：

86. View the Exhibit to examine the output for the CROSSCHECK BACKUP command.

Which statement is true about the output of the command?
A.The backup piece is expired as the new backup is available.
B.The backup piece is expired because the operating-system file was not found.
C.The backup piece is expired because the retention period for the backup has expired.
D.The backup piece is expired because the backup set to which it belongs is not complete.

参考答案 B  

解析：
题目意思，crosscheck backup命令的结果如下，关于命令的结果，那个说法是正确的。
crosscheck检查的结果是expried的，expried说明该备份记录在RMAN备份库(或控制文件中)，但是实际上在操作系统上(或磁带等备份设备上)并没有该文件。
所以选择B 。

参考文档：

https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/backup.112/e10642/rcmmaint.htm#BRADV8171

Crosschecking the RMAN Repository

To ensure that data about backups in the recovery catalog or control file is synchronized with corresponding data on disk or in the media management catalog, perform a crosscheck. The CROSSCHECK command operates only on files that are currently recorded in the RMAN repository.

If you use a fast recovery area, backup retention policy, and archived redo log deletion policy, then you should not need to perform crosschecks very often. If you delete files by means other than RMAN, then you should perform a crosscheck periodically to ensure that the repository data stays current.

About RMAN Crosschecks

Crosschecks update outdated RMAN repository information about backups whose repository records do not match their physical status. For example, if a user removes archived logs from disk with an operating system command, the repository still indicates that the logs are on disk, when in fact they are not.

Figure 12-1 illustrates a crosscheck of a media manager. RMAN queries the RMAN repository for the names and locations of the four backup sets to be checked. RMAN sends this information to the target database server, which queries the media management software about the backups. The media management software then checks its media catalog and reports back to the server that backup set 3 is missing. RMAN updates the status of backup set 3 to EXPIRED in the repository. The record for backup set 3 is deleted once you run DELETE EXPIRED.

Figure 12-1 Crosschecking a Media Manager

Description of "Figure 12-1 Crosschecking a Media Manager"
 

Crosschecks are useful because they can do the following:

• Update outdated information about backups that disappeared from disk or tape or became corrupted

• Update the repository if you delete archived redo logs or other files with operating system commands

Use the crosscheck feature to check the status of a backup on disk or tape. If the backup is on disk, then CROSSCHECK checks whether the header of the file is valid. If a backup is on tape, then the command checks that the backups exist in the media management software catalog.

Backup pieces and image copies can have the status AVAILABLE, EXPIRED, or UNAVAILABLE. You can view the status of backups by running the RMAN LIST command or by querying V$BACKUP_FILES or recovery catalog views such as RC_DATAFILE_COPY or RC_ARCHIVED_LOG. A crosscheck updates the RMAN repository so that all of these techniques provide accurate information. RMAN updates each backup in the RMAN repository to status EXPIRED if the backup is no longer available. If a new crosscheck determines that an expired backup is available again, then RMAN updates its status to AVAILABLE.

Note:

The CROSSCHECK command does not delete operating system files or remove repository records. You must use the DELETE command for these operations.

You can issue the DELETE EXPIRED command to delete all expired backups. RMAN removes the record for the expired file from the repository. If for some reason the file still exists on the media, then RMAN issues warnings and lists the mismatched objects that cannot be deleted.

https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/backup.112/e10642/glossary.htm#BRADV99986

expired backup

A backup whose status in the RMAN repository is EXPIRED, which means that the backup was not found. RMAN marks backups and copies as expired when you run a CROSSCHECK command and the files are absent or inaccessible.

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