GenomicRangeQuery

该博客讨论了一个关于DNA序列的问题,其中涉及到对特定序列区间内核苷酸影响因子的最小值查询。通过实现一个解决方案,利用前缀计数(prefix count)策略在O(N+M)的时间复杂度和O(N)的空间复杂度下回答M个查询。
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题目
A DNA sequence can be represented as a string consisting of the letters A, C, G and T, which correspond to the types of successive nucleotides in the sequence. Each nucleotide has an impact factor, which is an integer. Nucleotides of types A, C, G and T have impact factors of 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. You are going to answer several queries of the form: What is the minimal impact factor of nucleotides contained in a particular part of the given DNA sequence?

The DNA sequence is given as a non-empty string S = S[0]S[1]…S[N-1] consisting of N characters. There are M queries, which are given in non-empty arrays P and Q, each consisting of M integers. The K-th query (0 ≤ K < M) requires you to find the minimal impact factor of nucleotides contained in the DNA sequence between positions P[K] and Q[K] (inclusive).

For example, consider string S = CAGCCTA and arrays P, Q such that:

P[0] = 2    Q[0] = 4
P[1] = 5    Q[1] 
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