Ubuntu 虚拟机安装

最小化安装后常用工具

sudo apt-get install vim

# ifconfig
apt install net-tools
# nload
apt install nload
# 很多都要用到
apt install build-essential
# 开发相关
apt install gcc g++
 


apt  install iproute2  ntpdate  tcpdump telnet traceroute \
nfs-kernel-server nfs-common  lrzsz tree  openssl libssl-dev \
libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g-dev ntpdate  traceroute  gcc openssh-server \
lrzsz tree  openssl libssl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g-dev ntpdate tcpdump \
telnet traceroute iotop unzip zip -y

设置 root 密码

允许root远程登录

-- 查看远程登录服务是否启用
systemctl status sshd
systemctl status ssh

重启ssh服务

systemctl restart ssh

其他

-- 备份镜像源
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

sudo apt update

备份虚拟机

设置静态ip

ubuntu 网卡配置

查看linux网关

-- 备份
cp /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml 01-network-manager-all.yaml.bak

-- 编辑静态ip
vim /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml

# Let NetworkManager manage all devices on this system
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager
  ethernets:
    ens33:
      dhcp4: false
      dhcp6: false
      addresses: 
        - 192.168.10.100/24
      routes:
        - to : default
          via: 192.168.10.2
      nameservers:
        addresses: 
          - 114.114.114.114
          - 114.114.115.115
          - 233.6.6.6

root 修改文件权限,否则apply时会报错

chmod 0600 01-network-manager-all.yaml

network apply

Ubuntu桌面版关闭GUI环境

-- 关闭
sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target
-- 启用
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target