c++ 类，继承，重载，虚函数等样例

1.类样例 

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define endline "\n"
#include <cstring>
#include <string>

class Dog
{
	private:
		string name;
		int age;
	public:
		void run();
		void eat(char *obj)
		{
			cout << "the dog is eating " << obj << endline;
		}
		void setname(string _name)
		{
			name = _name;
		}
		string getname();
		void setage(int _age)
		{
			age = _age;
		}
		int getage();
};
void Dog::run()
{
	printf("the dog is running...\n");
}
string Dog::getname()
{
	return name;
}
int Dog::getage()
{
	return age;
}

int main()
{
   Dog dog;
   char food[] = "shit";
   dog.eat(food);
   dog.run();
   string _name = "erha";
   dog.setname(_name);
   int _age = 20;
   dog.setage(_age);
   string name = dog.getname();
   int age = dog.getage();
   cout << "the dog's name is " << name << endline;
   cout << "the dog's age is " << age << endline;
   cout << _name[1] << endline;
   return 0;
}

 2.继承

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>

class Shape
{
	public:
		int width;
		int height;
		void setwidth(int w)
		{
			width = w;
		}
		void setheight(int h)
		{
			height = h;
		}
};

class Square: public Shapea
{
	public:
		int getarea()
		{
			return width*height;
		}
};

int main()
{
    Square square;
	int w = 20;
	int h = 30;
	square.setwidth(w);
	square.setheight(h);
	int area = square.getarea();
	cout << "the square is " << area << "\n";
    return 0;
}

3.重载函数

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>

class Output
{
	public:
		void print(int i)
		{
			cout << i << "\n";
		}
		void print(string s)
		{
			cout << s << "\n";
		}
};

int main()
{
	Output output;
	int i = 10;
	string s = "hello";
	output.print(i);
	output.print(s);
}
	

4.重载运算符

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>
class Box
{
        public:
                int width;
                int height;
                Box(int w,int h)
                {
                        width = w;
                        height = h;
                }
                Box operator+(const Box& b)
                {
                        Box box(0,0);
                        box.width = this->width + b.width;
                        box.height = this->height + b.height;
                        return box;
                }
};

int main()
{
        Box box1(10,20);
        Box box2(30,40);
        Box box3 = box1 + box2;
        cout << "new box width = " << box3.width << "\n";
        cout << "new box height = " << box3.height << "\n";


}

5.虚函数

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>

class Shape
{
        public:
                virtual int getarea(int length) = 0;
};

class Circle:public Shape
{
        public:
                int getarea(int length)
                {
                        cout << 3.14 * length * length << "\n";
                }
};

class Square:public Shape
{
        public:
                int getarea(int length)
                {
                        cout << length * length << "\n";
                }
};

int main()
{
        int length = 10;
        Circle circle;
        Square square;
        circle.getarea(length);
        square.getarea(length);
}