前言
- 游戏创建的模块主要分为:游戏菜单,游戏调用,棋盘显示,玩家下棋,电脑随机下棋,判断游戏结果。
- 其中判断游戏结果的代码最为关键,详情请看下文。
- 为了满足可变棋盘大小和可变棋子数量,在头文件中定义ROW、COL和PNUM对棋盘大小和满足胜利条件的棋子数量。
//棋盘大小
#define ROW 5
#define COL 5
//N子棋
#define PNUM 3
游戏菜单
void menu() {
printf("************************\n");
printf("************************\n");
printf("******** 1.play ********\n");
printf("******** 0.exit ********\n");
printf("************************\n");
printf("************************\n");
}
void test() {
int input = 0;
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL)); // 随机
do {
menu();
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input)
{
case 1:
printf("三子棋\n");
game();
break;
case 0:
printf("退出游戏");
break;
default:
printf("选择错误");
break;
}
} while (input);
}
int main() {
test();
return 0;
}
游戏调用
- 使用变量ret存放判断输赢的条件:
- ret = 0 表示比赛继续
- ret = * 表示玩家胜利
- ret = # 表示电脑胜利
- ret = Q 表示平局
void game() {
char ret = '0';
//棋盘
char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
while(1){
player_move(board, ROW, COL);
ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
if (ret != '0') {
break;
}
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
computer_move(board, ROW, COL);
ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
if (ret != '0') {
break;
}
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
}
if (ret == '*') {
printf("玩家获胜!\n");
}
else if (ret == '#') {
printf("电脑获胜!\n");
}
else {
printf("平局!\n");
}
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
}
棋盘显示
- 对棋盘进行初始化,将每个数据初试为空格。
- 棋盘由数据和分割行交替组成。
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++) {
board[i][j] = ' ';
}
}
}
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
//打印数据
for (int j = 0; j < col; j++) {
printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
if (j < col - 1) {
printf("|");
}
}
printf("\n");
//打印分割行
if (i < row - 1) {
for (int j = 0; j < col; j++) {
printf("---");
if (j < col - 1) {
printf("|");
}
}
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");
}
玩家下棋
- 玩家从主观的第一行和第一列开始,对坐标进行选择下棋。
- 代码对选择的坐标的合法性进行判断。
void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int x = 0, y = 0;
printf("玩家下棋:>\n");
while (1) {
printf("请输入坐标:");
scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= row) {
if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ') {
board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
break;
}
else {
printf("坐标被占用!\n");
}
}
else {
printf("坐标非法\n");
}
}
}
电脑随机下棋
void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int x = 0, y = 0;
printf("电脑下棋:>\n");
while (1) {
x = rand() % row;
y = rand() % col;
if (board[x][y] == ' ') {
board[x][y] = '#';
break;
}
}
}
判断游戏结果
- 创建判断棋盘是否下满的方法
static int if_full(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++) {
if (board[i][j] == ' ') {
return 0; //没满
}
}
}
return 1; //满了
}
- 判断输赢的两种方法
- 方法一:
- 此方法较为简单,适用于固定的3*3的棋盘。
char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
//判断行
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++) {
if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][1] != ' ') {
return board[i][1];
}
}
//判断列
for (int i = 0; i < col; i++) {
if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[1][i] != ' ') {
return board[1][i];
}
}
//判断对角
if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ') {
return board[1][1];
}
if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ') {
return board[1][1];
}
//判断平局
if (if_full(board, ROW, COL) == 1) {
return 'Q';
}
return '0';
}
- 方法二:
- 适用于可变大小的棋盘和可变棋子数量。
- 判断行
- 使用两层循环一次遍历每个元素,判断同一行是否存在三个相同的棋子。
- 使用count记录已经判断的元素对数。当一个元素a与其相邻的元素b,如果相同并非空则count++,并继续比较元素b和其相邻的元素c,如果相同并非空则count++,此时count等于2( PNUM - 1),也就是存在三个连续的相同棋子,则返回该棋子。(判断列同理)
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++) {
int count = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < col-1; j++) {
if (board[i][j] == board[i][j + 1] && board[i][j] != ' ') {
count++;
if (count == PNUM - 1) {
return board[i][j]; //判断到最后一对元素时,则表明该三个元素相等
}
}
else {
count = 0;
}
}
}
- 判断正对角
- 该方法是锁定一个元素,依次比较其正对角下方的两个元素,如果都相等且非空,则返回该棋子。如果不相等,则判断下一个棋子。
- 需要主要的是使用tmpi和tmpj暂存该棋子的坐标,便于循环,得到下一个待检查棋子的坐标。(判断斜对角同理)
for (int i = 0; i < row - 2; i++) {
int tmpi = i;
for (int j = 0; j < col - 2; j++) {
int count = 0;
int tmpj = j;
while (1) { //针对特点位置的元素,进行正对角判断
if (board[i][j] == board[i + 1][j + 1] && board[i][j] != ' ') {
count++;
if (count == PNUM - 1) {
return board[i][j]; //判断到最后一对元素时,则表明该三个元素相等
}
i++;
j++;
continue; //继续判断当组对角元素
}
else {
count = 0;
break;
}
}
j = tmpj;
}
i = tmpi;
}
总结
- 该游戏需要实现棋盘初始化函数、棋盘显示函数、玩家下棋函数、电脑随机下棋函数、判断棋盘是否满函数、判断游戏结果函数。
- 难点在于可变棋盘大小时,判断游戏结果函数的实现。
-
运行截图
-
总代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
//棋盘大小 可改变
#define ROW 5
#define COL 5
//N子棋
#define PNUM 3
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++) {
board[i][j] = ' ';
}
}
}
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
//打印数据
for (int j = 0; j < col; j++) {
printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
if (j < col - 1) {
printf("|");
}
}
printf("\n");
//打印分割行
if (i < row - 1) {
for (int j = 0; j < col; j++) {
printf("---");
if (j < col - 1) {
printf("|");
}
}
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");
}
void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int x = 0, y = 0;
printf("玩家下棋:>\n");
while (1) {
printf("请输入坐标:");
scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= row) {
if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ') {
board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
break;
}
else {
printf("坐标被占用!\n");
}
}
else {
printf("坐标非法\n");
}
}
}
void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int x = 0, y = 0;
printf("电脑下棋:>\n");
while (1) {
x = rand() % row;
y = rand() % col;
if (board[x][y] == ' ') {
board[x][y] = '#';
break;
}
}
}
static int if_full(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++) {
if (board[i][j] == ' ') {
return 0; //没满
}
}
}
return 1; //满了
}
char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
//判断行
/*for (int i = 0; i < row; i++) {
if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][1] != ' ') {
return board[i][1];
}
}*/
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++) {
int count = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < col-1; j++) {
if (board[i][j] == board[i][j + 1] && board[i][j] != ' ') {
count++;
if (count == PNUM - 1) {
return board[i][j]; //判断到最后一对元素时,则表明该三个元素相等
}
}
else {
count = 0;
}
}
}
//判断列
/*for (int i = 0; i < col; i++) {
if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[1][i] != ' ') {
return board[1][i];
}
}*/
for (int i = 0; i < col; i++) {
int count = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < row - 1; j++) {
if (board[j][i] == board[j + 1][i] && board[j][i] != ' ') {
count++;
if (count == PNUM - 1) {
return board[j][i]; //判断到最后一对元素时,则表明该三个元素相等
}
}
else {
count = 0;
}
}
}
//判断对角
/*if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ') {
return board[1][1];
}
if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ') {
return board[1][1];
}*/
//正对角
for (int i = 0; i < row - 2; i++) {
int tmpi = i;
for (int j = 0; j < col - 2; j++) {
int count = 0;
int tmpj = j;
while (1) { //针对特点位置的元素,进行正对角判断
if (board[i][j] == board[i + 1][j + 1] && board[i][j] != ' ') {
count++;
if (count == PNUM - 1) {
return board[i][j]; //判断到最后一对元素时,则表明该三个元素相等
}
i++;
j++;
}
else {
count = 0;
break;
}
}
j = tmpj;
}
i = tmpi;
}
//斜对角
for (int i = row - 1; i > 1; i--) {
int tmpi = i;
for (int j = 0; j < col - 2; j++) {
int count = 0;
int tmpj = j;
while (1) { //针对特点位置的元素,进行斜对角判断
if (board[i][j] == board[i - 1][j + 1] && board[i][j] != ' ') {
count++;
if (count == PNUM - 1) {
return board[i][j]; //判断到最后一对元素时,则表明该三个元素相等
}
i--;
j++;
}
else {
count = 0;
break;
}
}
j = tmpj;
}
i = tmpi;
}
//判断平局
if (if_full(board, ROW, COL) == 1) {
return 'Q';
}
return '0';
}
void menu() {
printf("************************\n");
printf("******** 1.play ********\n");
printf("******** 0.exit ********\n");
printf("************************\n");
}
void game() {
char ret = '0';
//棋盘
char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
while(1){
player_move(board, ROW, COL);
ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
if (ret != '0') {
break;
}
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
computer_move(board, ROW, COL);
ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
if (ret != '0') {
break;
}
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
}
if (ret == '*') {
printf("玩家获胜!\n");
}
else if (ret == '#') {
printf("电脑获胜!\n");
}
else {
printf("平局!\n");
}
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
}
void test() {
int input = 0;
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL)); // 随机
do {
menu();
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input)
{
case 1:
printf("三子棋\n");
game();
break;
case 0:
printf("退出游戏");
break;
default:
printf("选择错误");
break;
}
} while (input);
}
int main() {
test();
return 0;
}