通过ICMP协议判断一个IP是否可达

在我们开发过程中，会遇到这样一种情况：在我们请求服务器时，服务器会返回两个或者多个ip给我们，让我们自主选择连接，但我们要选择一个和我们匹配的ip连接，比如我们在内网，那么对应的ip就需要我们能ping通，才能连接，下面我们给出简单实例代码：

#include <Winsock2.h>
#include <string>
#include "iphlpapi.h" 

#pragma comment(lib,"Iphlpapi.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"Ws2_32.lib")

#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS

typedef HANDLE(WINAPI* ICMPCREATEFILE)(VOID);
typedef BOOL(WINAPI* ICMPCLOSEHANDLE)(HANDLE);
typedef DWORD(WINAPI* ICMPSENDECHO)(HANDLE, DWORD, LPVOID, WORD, PIP_OPTION_INFORMATION, LPVOID, DWORD, DWORD);

//定义三个指针函数   
ICMPCREATEFILE pIcmpCreateFile;
ICMPCLOSEHANDLE pIcmpCloseHandle;
ICMPSENDECHO pIcmpSendEcho;
// 函数功能：初始化ICMP函数：
BOOL InitIcmp()
{
	HMODULE hIcmp = ::LoadLibrary("ICMP.DLL");
	if (hIcmp == NULL)
	{
		return false;
	}
	pIcmpCreateFile = (ICMPCREATEFILE)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpCreateFile");
	pIcmpCloseHandle = (ICMPCLOSEHANDLE)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpCloseHandle");
	pIcmpSendEcho = (ICMPSENDECHO)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpSendEcho");
	if ((pIcmpCreateFile == NULL) || (pIcmpCloseHandle == NULL) || (pIcmpSendEcho == NULL))
		return false;
	return true;
}

// 函数功能：判断是否能ping通IP
// 函数参数：IP地址或域名
BOOL ICMPPing(std::string host)
{
	DWORD timeOut = 1000;                                              //设置超时   
	ULONG hAddr = inet_addr(host.c_str());                                     //如果是IP地址就直接转换   
	if (hAddr == INADDR_NONE)
	{
		hostent* hp = gethostbyname(host.c_str());                             //如果是域名就用DNS解析出IP地址   
		if (hp)
			memcpy(&hAddr, hp->h_addr_list, hp->h_length);             //IP地址   
		else
		{
			return false;
		}
	}
	HANDLE hIp = pIcmpCreateFile();
	IP_OPTION_INFORMATION ipoi;
	memset(&ipoi, 0, sizeof(IP_OPTION_INFORMATION));
	ipoi.Ttl = 128;                  //Time-To-Live   

	unsigned char pSend[36];                                                                   //发送包   
	memset(pSend, 'E', 32);

	int repSize = sizeof(ICMP_ECHO_REPLY) + 32;
	unsigned char pReply[100];                                                                 //接收包   
	ICMP_ECHO_REPLY* pEchoReply = (ICMP_ECHO_REPLY*)pReply;

	DWORD nPackets = pIcmpSendEcho(hIp, hAddr, pSend, 32, &ipoi, pReply, repSize, timeOut);             //发送ICMP数据报文   

	if (pEchoReply->Status != 0)                                                                  //超时，可能是主机禁用了ICMP 或者目标主机不存在  
	{
		pIcmpCloseHandle(hIp);
		return false;
	}

 
	pIcmpCloseHandle(hIp);
	return true;
}
int main()
{
	InitIcmp();
	ICMPPing("25.30.15.1");
	return 0;
}