自定义View实现百度Loading动画

基本绘制

实现思路:先绘制背景色文字,然后讲Canvas裁切这个path路径,然后绘制白色的文字

绘制正弦曲线

这里使用贝塞尔曲线实现正弦曲线的绘制,使用ValueAnimator不断通知重绘

private Path getActionPath(float curPercent) {
        final Path path = new Path();
        int x = -mWidth;
        x += curPercent * mWidth;
        path.moveTo(x, mHeight / 2);
        // 计算控制点
        int quadWidth = mWidth / 4;
        int quadHeight = mHeight / 20 * 3;
        // 第一个周期
        path.rQuadTo(quadWidth, quadHeight, quadWidth * 2, 0);
        path.rQuadTo(quadWidth, -quadHeight, quadWidth * 2, 0);
        // 第二个周期
        path.rQuadTo(quadWidth, quadHeight, quadWidth * 2, 0);
        path.rQuadTo(quadWidth, -quadHeight, quadWidth * 2, 0);

        // 右侧的直线
        path.lineTo(x + mWidth * 2, mHeight);
        path.lineTo(x, mHeight);
        path.close();
        return path;
    }

这里涉及到Path类的使用,使用path的rQuadTo()表示相对与上一个点位置进行二阶贝塞尔变换,而使用quadTo()是相对于原始坐标系进行贝塞尔变换.

绘制文字

mTextPaint.setTextSize(mTextHeight);
// 先绘制背景色文字
mTextPaint.setColor(mColor);
//绘制 文字
Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, mWidth, mHeight);
mTextPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
Paint.FontMetrics metrics = mTextPaint.getFontMetrics();
float top = metrics.top;
float bottom = metrics.bottom;
int centerY = (int) (rect.centerY() - top / 2 - bottom / 2);
canvas.drawText(mText, rect.centerX(), centerY, mTextPaint);

实现裁切效果

实现方式1:使用Canvas.clipPath()实现

使用canvas.clipPath()可以将Canvas裁切成成指定的Path效果,前提是曲线必须闭合

完整的onDraw()代码如下

// 先绘制背景色文字,然后讲Canvas裁切这个path路径,然后绘制白色的文字
    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        Log.d(TAG, "onDraw: mCurPercent " + mCurPercent);
        mTextPaint.setTextSize(mTextHeight);
        // 先绘制背景色文字
        mTextPaint.setColor(mColor);
        //绘制 文字
        Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, mWidth, mHeight);
        mTextPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
        Paint.FontMetrics metrics = mTextPaint.getFontMetrics();
        float top = metrics.top;
        float bottom = metrics.bottom;
        int centerY = (int) (rect.centerY() - top / 2 - bottom / 2);
        canvas.drawText(mText, rect.centerX(), centerY, mTextPaint);

        // 生成闭合波浪路径
        mPath = getActionPath(mCurPercent);

        // 将Canvas按照Path的规则进行裁剪
        canvas.clipPath(mPath);
        canvas.drawCircle(mWidth / 2, mHeight / 2, mWidth / 2, mPaint);
        mTextPaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
        canvas.drawText(mText, rect.centerX(), centerY, mTextPaint);
    }

实现方式2: 使用xfermode代替Canvas裁切路径

xfermode的模式:

xfermode使用注意:

  1. 使用xfermode的时候记得先使用Canvas的离屏缓冲,不然会将后绘制的src黑色背景一块绘制上去
  2. 使用xfermode完毕后及时将paint的xfermode设置为null,避免影响下次绘制paint.setXfermode(null)

这里主要使用了两种模式:
SRC_IN: 在源图像(后绘制的)和目标图像相交的地方,取源图像
SRC_ATOP:在源图像和目标图像相交的地方绘制源图像
这两种模式的应用在代码注释里也有相应的解释

onDraw的代码将改写成:

 // 先绘制背景色文字,然后讲Canvas裁切这个path路径,然后绘制白色的文字
    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        Log.d(TAG, "onDraw: mCurPercent " + mCurPercent);
        mTextPaint.setTextSize(mTextHeight);
        // 先绘制背景色文字
        mTextPaint.setColor(mColor);
        //绘制 文字
        Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, mWidth, mHeight);
        mTextPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
        Paint.FontMetrics metrics = mTextPaint.getFontMetrics();
        float top = metrics.top;
        float bottom = metrics.bottom;
        int centerY = (int) (rect.centerY() - top / 2 - bottom / 2);
        canvas.drawText(mText, rect.centerX(), centerY, mTextPaint);

        // 启动离屏缓冲
        final int saved = canvas.saveLayer(0, 0, canvas.getWidth(), canvas.getHeight(), null, Canvas.ALL_SAVE_FLAG);
        final Bitmap circle = getCircleBitmap(mWidth, mHeight);
        // 生成闭合波浪路径
        mPath = getActionPath(mCurPercent);
        canvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);
        // SRC_IN  在src(bitmap)和dst(path)相交的地方取源图像
        mPaint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN));
        // 如果直接使用canvas.drawCircle()绘制圆形,canvas绘制圆形之外的部分没有alpha通道
        // 而xfermode计算图片层叠样式的原理是通过alpha通道,所以这里必须使用一个bitmap来绘制
        // 才能裁切掉多余的矩形
        canvas.drawBitmap(circle, 0, 0, mPaint);

        // SRC_ATOP在src(text)和dst(bitmap+path)相交的地方绘制源图像
        mTextPaint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_ATOP));
        mTextPaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
        canvas.drawText(mText, rect.centerX(), centerY, mTextPaint);

        canvas.restoreToCount(saved);
        // onDraw()结束前记得将xfermode设置为null,避免影响下次绘制
        mPaint.setXfermode(null);
        mTextPaint.setXfermode(null);
    }

 实现方式1完整代码


/**
 * Created by yangtianrui on 17-8-12.
 * 使用Cavas Clip实现贴吧小球
 */
@SuppressLint("DrawAllocation")
public class CanvasClipWave extends View {

    private static final String TAG = "ytr";

    private final String mText;
    private final int mColor;

    private final Paint mPaint;
    private final Paint mTextPaint;
    private Path mPath;

    private float mCurPercent;
    private int mTextHeight;
    private int mWidth;
    private int mHeight;


    public CanvasClipWave(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public CanvasClipWave(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, 0);
    }

    public CanvasClipWave(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CanvasClipWave);
        mText = a.getString(R.styleable.CanvasClipWave_text);
        mColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.CanvasClipWave_color, Color.BLUE);
        a.recycle();
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        mPaint.setColor(mColor);
        // 设置防抖动
        mPaint.setDither(true);
        mTextPaint = new Paint();
        mTextPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT_BOLD);

        // 不断重绘
        ValueAnimator va = ValueAnimator.ofFloat(0F, 1F);
        va.setInterpolator(new LinearInterpolator());
        va.setRepeatMode(ValueAnimator.RESTART);
        va.setRepeatCount(ValueAnimator.INFINITE);
        va.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
                mCurPercent = (float) animation.getAnimatedValue();
                postInvalidate();
            }
        });
        va.setDuration(1000);
        va.start();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        final int wMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        final int wSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        final int hMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        final int hSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        if (wMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY && hMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
            mTextHeight = hSize / 2;
            mWidth = wSize;
            mHeight = hSize;
        }
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    }

    // 先绘制背景色文字,然后讲Canvas裁切这个path路径,然后绘制白色的文字
    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        Log.d(TAG, "onDraw: mCurPercent " + mCurPercent);
        mTextPaint.setTextSize(mTextHeight);
        // 先绘制背景色文字
        mTextPaint.setColor(mColor);
        //绘制 文字
        Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, mWidth, mHeight);
        mTextPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
        Paint.FontMetrics metrics = mTextPaint.getFontMetrics();
        float top = metrics.top;
        float bottom = metrics.bottom;
        int centerY = (int) (rect.centerY() - top / 2 - bottom / 2);
        canvas.drawText(mText, rect.centerX(), centerY, mTextPaint);

        // 生成闭合波浪路径
        mPath = getActionPath(mCurPercent);

        // 将Canvas按照Path的规则进行裁剪
        canvas.clipPath(mPath);
        canvas.drawCircle(mWidth / 2, mHeight / 2, mWidth / 2, mPaint);
        mTextPaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
        canvas.drawText(mText, rect.centerX(), centerY, mTextPaint);
    }

    private Path getActionPath(float curPercent) {
        final Path path = new Path();
        int x = -mWidth;
        x += curPercent * mWidth;
        path.moveTo(x, mHeight / 2);
        // 计算控制点
        int quadWidth = mWidth / 4;
        int quadHeight = mHeight / 20 * 3;
        // 第一个周期
        path.rQuadTo(quadWidth, quadHeight, quadWidth * 2, 0);
        path.rQuadTo(quadWidth, -quadHeight, quadWidth * 2, 0);
        // 第二个周期
        path.rQuadTo(quadWidth, quadHeight, quadWidth * 2, 0);
        path.rQuadTo(quadWidth, -quadHeight, quadWidth * 2, 0);

        // 右侧的直线
        path.lineTo(x + mWidth * 2, mHeight);
        path.lineTo(x, mHeight);
        path.close();
        return path;
    }
}

实现方式2完整代码:


/**
 * Created by yangtianrui on 17-8-13.
 * 使用Xfermode实现这样的Canvas裁切效果, 代码基本上与CanvasClipWave相同
 */
@SuppressLint("DrawAllocation")
public class XfermodeWave extends View {

    private static final String TAG = "ytr";

    private final String mText;
    private final int mColor;

    private final Paint mPaint;
    private final Paint mTextPaint;
    private Path mPath;

    private float mCurPercent;
    private int mTextHeight;
    private int mWidth;
    private int mHeight;


    public XfermodeWave(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public XfermodeWave(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, 0);
    }

    public XfermodeWave(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CanvasClipWave);
        mText = a.getString(R.styleable.CanvasClipWave_text);
        mColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.CanvasClipWave_color, Color.BLUE);
        a.recycle();
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        mPaint.setColor(mColor);
        // 设置防抖动
        mPaint.setDither(true);
        mTextPaint = new Paint();
        mTextPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT_BOLD);

        // 不断重绘
        ValueAnimator va = ValueAnimator.ofFloat(0F, 1F);
        va.setInterpolator(new LinearInterpolator());
        va.setRepeatMode(ValueAnimator.RESTART);
        va.setRepeatCount(ValueAnimator.INFINITE);
        va.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
                mCurPercent = (float) animation.getAnimatedValue();
                postInvalidate();
            }
        });
        va.setDuration(1000);
        va.start();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        final int wMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        final int wSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        final int hMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        final int hSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        if (wMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY && hMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
            mTextHeight = hSize / 2;
            mWidth = wSize;
            mHeight = hSize;
        }
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    }

    // 先绘制背景色文字,然后讲Canvas裁切这个path路径,然后绘制白色的文字
    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        Log.d(TAG, "onDraw: mCurPercent " + mCurPercent);
        mTextPaint.setTextSize(mTextHeight);
        // 先绘制背景色文字
        mTextPaint.setColor(mColor);
        //绘制 文字
        Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, mWidth, mHeight);
        mTextPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
        Paint.FontMetrics metrics = mTextPaint.getFontMetrics();
        float top = metrics.top;
        float bottom = metrics.bottom;
        int centerY = (int) (rect.centerY() - top / 2 - bottom / 2);
        canvas.drawText(mText, rect.centerX(), centerY, mTextPaint);

        // 启动离屏缓冲
        final int saved = canvas.saveLayer(0, 0, canvas.getWidth(), canvas.getHeight(), null, Canvas.ALL_SAVE_FLAG);
        final Bitmap circle = getCircleBitmap(mWidth, mHeight);
        // 生成闭合波浪路径
        mPath = getActionPath(mCurPercent);
        canvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);
        // SRC_IN  在src(bitmap)和dst(path)相交的地方取源图像
        mPaint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN));
        // 如果直接使用canvas.drawCircle()绘制圆形,canvas绘制圆形之外的部分没有alpha通道
        // 而xfermode计算图片层叠样式的原理是通过alpha通道,所以这里必须使用一个bitmap来绘制
        // 才能裁切掉多余的矩形
        canvas.drawBitmap(circle, 0, 0, mPaint);

        // SRC_ATOP在src(text)和dst(bitmap+path)相交的地方绘制源图像
        mTextPaint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_ATOP));
        mTextPaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
        canvas.drawText(mText, rect.centerX(), centerY, mTextPaint);

        canvas.restoreToCount(saved);
        // onDraw()结束前记得将xfermode设置为null,避免影响下次绘制
        mPaint.setXfermode(null);
        mTextPaint.setXfermode(null);
    }


    /**
     * 创建一个中间绘制圆形的bitmap
     */
    private Bitmap getCircleBitmap(int width, int height) {
        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ALPHA_8);
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
        canvas.drawCircle(width / 2, height / 2, width / 2, mPaint);
        return bitmap;
    }

    private Path getActionPath(float curPercent) {
        final Path path = new Path();
        int x = -mWidth;
        x += curPercent * mWidth;
        path.moveTo(x, mHeight / 2);
        // 计算控制点
        int quadWidth = mWidth / 4;
        int quadHeight = mHeight / 20 * 3;
        // 第一个周期
        path.rQuadTo(quadWidth, quadHeight, quadWidth * 2, 0);
        path.rQuadTo(quadWidth, -quadHeight, quadWidth * 2, 0);
        // 第二个周期
        path.rQuadTo(quadWidth, quadHeight, quadWidth * 2, 0);
        path.rQuadTo(quadWidth, -quadHeight, quadWidth * 2, 0);

        // 右侧的直线
        path.lineTo(x + mWidth * 2, mHeight);
        path.lineTo(x, mHeight);
        path.close();
        return path;
    }
}
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