Coin3D三维可视化教程1

上次介绍了Coin3D的安装和在VS 2019 +QT下的配置，后面讲逐步学习这个库的使用，采用的主要材料的The Inventor Mentor中文版。书中的代码时在Mac平台的开发，这里采用的用的是Windows，SoXt是Coin3D在Mac平台上的界面绑定库，SoQt是与Qt的绑定库，SoWin是用MFC的绑定库。

上次安装的测试中，使用了SoQtExaminerViewer这个常用的交互查看器，这个查看器封装了很多东西，这里讲从最基本的学起，学习画布、灯光、颜色、交互、动作响应等对象的创建和初步使用。

#include <QtWidgets/QApplication>
#include <Inventor/Qt/SoQt.h>
#include <Inventor/Qt/SoQtRenderArea.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoSeparator.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoMaterial.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoPerspectiveCamera.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoDirectionalLight.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoCube.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoCone.h>

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	//Initialize Inventor. This returns a main window to use
	QWidget* myWindow = SoQt::init(argc, argv, argv[0]);
	if (myWindow == NULL)exit(1);

	//Make a scene containing a red cone
	SoSeparator* root = new SoSeparator;
	SoPerspectiveCamera* myCamera = new SoPerspectiveCamera;
	SoMaterial* myMaterial = new SoMaterial;
	root->ref();
	root->addChild(myCamera);
	root->addChild(new SoDirectionalLight);
	myMaterial->diffuseColor.setValue(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
	root->addChild(myMaterial);
	root->addChild(new SoCone);

	//Create a renderArea in which to see our scene graph
	//The render area will appear within the main window
	SoQtRenderArea* myRenderArea = new SoQtRenderArea(myWindow);

	//Make myCamera see everything
	myCamera->viewAll(root, myRenderArea->getViewportRegion());

	//Put out scene in myRenderArea, change the title
	myRenderArea->setSceneGraph(root);
	myRenderArea->setTitle("Hello Cone");
	myRenderArea->show();

	SoQt::show(myWindow);  //Display main window
	SoQt::mainLoop();  //Main Inventor event loop

}

运行结果如下：

渲染结果是个固定的图像，不可以旋转和交互。

这个最简单的例子展示了使用Coin3D进行三维渲染要做的主要事情;

（1）通过QoQt::init初始化函数创建QWidget部件，作为显示窗口

（2）设置场景SoSeparator节点，并添加相机、材质、灯光，设置材质的颜色

（3）创建要显示的对象，并添加到SoSeparator节点

（4）设置画布，即渲染区域SoQtRenderArea，把场景添加到画布，并设置相机看到的区域，

（5）通过SoQt::show显示窗口，并通过SoQt：：mainLoop 进入消息循环

下面这个例子展示如何实现旋转。一个引擎节点与一个SoRotationXYZ节点的角度数据域相关联。当实时时钟（real-time clock）发生变化时，引擎会同时修改在rotationXYZ节点中的角度数据。这样将导致圆锥不断地循环旋转。在每次修改后，场景会自动地被渲染区重新渲染。连续的旋转就可以达到我们想要的旋转圆锥的效果。需要说明的是，SoRotationXYZ需要设置在要渲染的物体之前。

#include "Coin3Dtest1.h"
#include <QtWidgets/QApplication>
#include <Inventor/Qt/SoQt.h>
#include <Inventor/Qt/viewers/SoQtExaminerViewer.h>
#include <Inventor/Qt/SoQtRenderArea.h>
#include <Inventor/engines/SoElapsedTime.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoSeparator.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoMaterial.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoPerspectiveCamera.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoDirectionalLight.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoRotationXYZ.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoCube.h>
#include <Inventor/nodes/SoCone.h>

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	//Initialize Inventor. This returns a main window to use
	QWidget* myWindow = SoQt::init(argc, argv, argv[0]);
	if (myWindow == NULL)exit(1);

	//Make a scene containing a red cone
	SoSeparator* root = new SoSeparator;
	SoPerspectiveCamera* myCamera = new SoPerspectiveCamera;
	SoMaterial* myMaterial = new SoMaterial;
	root->ref();
	root->addChild(myCamera);
	root->addChild(new SoDirectionalLight);
	myMaterial->diffuseColor.setValue(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);

	//This transformation is modified to rotate the cone
	//This action should be set before the object to see
	SoRotationXYZ* myRotXYZ = new SoRotationXYZ;
	root->addChild(myRotXYZ);


	root->addChild(myMaterial);
	root->addChild(new SoCone);

	
	//An engine rotates the object, The output of myCounter
	//is the time in seconds since the program started
	//Connect this output to the angle field of myRotXYZ
	myRotXYZ->axis = SoRotationXYZ::Y; //rotate about X axis
	SoElapsedTime* myCounter = new SoElapsedTime;
	myRotXYZ->angle.connectFrom(&myCounter->timeOut);

	//Create a renderArea in which to see our scene graph
	//The render area will appear within the main window
	SoQtRenderArea* myRenderArea = new SoQtRenderArea(myWindow);

	//Make myCamera see everything
	myCamera->viewAll(root, myRenderArea->getViewportRegion());

	//Put out scene in myRenderArea, change the title
	myRenderArea->setSceneGraph(root);
	myRenderArea->setTitle("Engine Spin");
	myRenderArea->show();

	SoQt::show(myWindow);  //Display main window
	SoQt::mainLoop();  //Main Inventor event loop

}

渲染效果如下：