Linux内核4.14版本——alsa框架分析(9)——PCM DMA注册

目录

1 snd_dmaengine_pcm_register

1.1 dmaengine_pcm_request_chan_of

1.1.1 dma_request_slave_channel_reason

1.1.2 of_dma_request_slave_channel

1.1.3 of_dma_find_controller（of_dma_list）

1.1.4 of_dma_xlate

1.1.5 of_dma_xlate_by_chan_id

2. snd_soc_add_platform

---

     ASoC Platform驱动中使用了PCM DMA的构架来实现了申请DMA通道。

      首先得probe函数中会调用以下接口为设备注册一个dmaengine_pcm。

1 snd_dmaengine_pcm_register

/**
 * devm_snd_dmaengine_pcm_register - resource managed dmaengine PCM registration
 * @dev: The parent device for the PCM device
 * @config: Platform specific PCM configuration
 * @flags: Platform specific quirks
 *
 * Register a dmaengine based PCM device with automatic unregistration when the
 * device is unregistered.
 */
int devm_snd_dmaengine_pcm_register(struct device *dev,
	const struct snd_dmaengine_pcm_config *config, unsigned int flags)；

      这个调用除了注册同时还注册了一个释放接口。

static void devm_dmaengine_pcm_release(struct device *dev, void *res)
{
	snd_dmaengine_pcm_unregister(*(struct device **)res);
}

      核心是调用了snd_dmaengine_pcm_register。该文件在sound\soc\soc-generic-dmaengine-pcm.c

/**
 * devm_snd_dmaengine_pcm_register - resource managed dmaengine PCM registration
 * @dev: The parent device for the PCM device
 * @config: Platform specific PCM configuration
 * @flags: Platform specific quirks
 *
 * Register a dmaengine based PCM device with automatic unregistration when the
 * device is unregistered.
 */
int devm_snd_dmaengine_pcm_register(struct device *dev,
	const struct snd_dmaengine_pcm_config *config, unsigned int flags)
{
	struct device **ptr;
	int ret;

	ptr = devres_alloc(devm_dmaengine_pcm_release, sizeof(*ptr), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!ptr)
		return -ENOMEM;

	ret = snd_dmaengine_pcm_register(dev, config, flags);
	if (ret == 0) {
		*ptr = dev;
		devres_add(dev, ptr);
	} else {
		devres_free(ptr);
	}

	return ret;
}

      snd_dmaengine_pcm_register()中通过dmaengine_pcm_request_chan_of()去申请DMA通道。

1.   此处分配一个dmaengine_pcm结构，然后根据传入的config和flag设置pcm。

2.   获取dma的传输通道，根据传输的是否是半双工，设置pcm的通道。

3.   调用snd_soc_add_platform函数注册platformd到ASOC core。

1.1 dmaengine_pcm_request_chan_of

/**
 * snd_dmaengine_pcm_register - Register a dmaengine based PCM device
 * @dev: The parent device for the PCM device
 * @config: Platform specific PCM configuration
 * @flags: Platform specific quirks
 */
int snd_dmaengine_pcm_register(struct device *dev,
	const struct snd_dmaengine_pcm_config *config, unsigned int flags)
{
	struct dmaengine_pcm *pcm;
	int ret;

	pcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*pcm), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!pcm)
		return -ENOMEM;

	pcm->config = config;
	pcm->flags = flags;

	ret = dmaengine_pcm_request_chan_of(pcm, dev, config);
	if (ret)
		goto err_free_dma;

	ret = snd_soc_add_platform(dev, &pcm->platform,
		&dmaengine_pcm_platform);
	if (ret)
		goto err_free_dma;

	return 0;

err_free_dma:
	dmaengine_pcm_release_chan(pcm);
	kfree(pcm);
	return ret;
}

      dmaengine_pcm_request_chan_of()根据flag 标志以及驱动中定义的数组

static const char * const dmaengine_pcm_dma_channel_names[] = {
[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK] = “tx”,
[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE] = “rx”,
};

      获取DMA-name。为参数调用dma_request_slave_channel_reason

1.1.1 dma_request_slave_channel_reason

#define dma_request_slave_channel_reason(dev, name) dma_request_chan(dev, name)


/**
 * dma_request_chan - try to allocate an exclusive slave channel
 * @dev:	pointer to client device structure
 * @name:	slave channel name
 *
 * Returns pointer to appropriate DMA channel on success or an error pointer.
 */
struct dma_chan *dma_request_chan(struct device *dev, const char *name)
{
	struct dma_device *d, *_d;
	struct dma_chan *chan = NULL;

	/* If device-tree is present get slave info from here */
	if (dev->of_node)
		chan = of_dma_request_slave_channel(dev->of_node, name);

	/* If device was enumerated by ACPI get slave info from here */
	if (has_acpi_companion(dev) && !chan)
		chan = acpi_dma_request_slave_chan_by_name(dev, name);

	if (chan) {
		/* Valid channel found or requester need to be deferred */
		if (!IS_ERR(chan) || PTR_ERR(chan) == -EPROBE_DEFER)
			return chan;
	}

	/* Try to find the channel via the DMA filter map(s) */
	mutex_lock(&dma_list_mutex);
	list_for_each_entry_safe(d, _d, &dma_device_list, global_node) {
		dma_cap_mask_t mask;
		const struct dma_slave_map *map = dma_filter_match(d, name, dev);

		if (!map)
			continue;

		dma_cap_zero(mask);
		dma_cap_set(DMA_SLAVE, mask);

		chan = find_candidate(d, &mask, d->filter.fn, map->param);
		if (!IS_ERR(chan))
			break;
	}
	mutex_unlock(&dma_list_mutex);

	return chan ? chan : ERR_PTR(-EPROBE_DEFER);
}

      dma_request_slave_channel_reason（）根据参数name 并解析device tree 来申请具体的DMA 通道。这里根据传入的name 参数以及在device tree 中的描述申请具体的通道。

device tree的描述如下：

axi_i2s_0: axi-i2s@0x77600000 {    
            compatible = "adi,axi-i2s-1.00.a";    
            reg = <0x77600000 0x1000>;    
             dmas = <&dmac_s 1 &dmac_s 2>;    
             dma-names = "tx", "rx";    
             clocks = <&clkc 15>, <&audio_clock>;    
             clock-names = "axi", "ref";    
        };  

      每个需要使用DMA的client都会通过 dmas来引用DMA控制器和通道，通过dma-names实现name的匹配。最终调用of_dma_request_slave_channel()。

1.1.2 of_dma_request_slave_channel

/**
 * of_dma_request_slave_channel - Get the DMA slave channel
 * @np:		device node to get DMA request from
 * @name:	name of desired channel
 *
 * Returns pointer to appropriate DMA channel on success or an error pointer.
 */
struct dma_chan *of_dma_request_slave_channel(struct device_node *np,
					      const char *name)
{
	struct of_phandle_args	dma_spec;
	struct of_dma		*ofdma;
	struct dma_chan		*chan;
	int			count, i, start;
	int			ret_no_channel = -ENODEV;
	static atomic_t		last_index;

	if (!np || !name) {
		pr_err("%s: not enough information provided\n", __func__);
		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
	}

	/* Silently fail if there is not even the "dmas" property */
	if (!of_find_property(np, "dmas", NULL))
		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);

	count = of_property_count_strings(np, "dma-names");
	if (count < 0) {
		pr_err("%s: dma-names property of node '%pOF' missing or empty\n",
			__func__, np);
		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
	}

	/*
	 * approximate an average distribution across multiple
	 * entries with the same name
	 */
	start = atomic_inc_return(&last_index);
	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
		if (of_dma_match_channel(np, name,
					 (i + start) % count,
					 &dma_spec))
			continue;

		mutex_lock(&of_dma_lock);
		ofdma = of_dma_find_controller(&dma_spec);

		if (ofdma) {
			chan = ofdma->of_dma_xlate(&dma_spec, ofdma);
		} else {
			ret_no_channel = -EPROBE_DEFER;
			chan = NULL;
		}

		mutex_unlock(&of_dma_lock);

		of_node_put(dma_spec.np);

		if (chan)
			return chan;
	}

	return ERR_PTR(ret_no_channel);
}

    of_dma_request_slave_channel会做一些处理，最终调用of_dma_find_controller找到已经注册的DMA控制器，然后调用of_dma_xlate找到chan。

1.1.3 of_dma_find_controller（of_dma_list）

/**
 * of_dma_find_controller - Get a DMA controller in DT DMA helpers list
 * @dma_spec:	pointer to DMA specifier as found in the device tree
 *
 * Finds a DMA controller with matching device node and number for dma cells
 * in a list of registered DMA controllers. If a match is found a valid pointer
 * to the DMA data stored is retuned. A NULL pointer is returned if no match is
 * found.
 */
static struct of_dma *of_dma_find_controller(struct of_phandle_args *dma_spec)
{
	struct of_dma *ofdma;

	list_for_each_entry(ofdma, &of_dma_list, of_dma_controllers)
		if (ofdma->of_node == dma_spec->np)
			return ofdma;

	pr_debug("%s: can't find DMA controller %pOF\n", __func__,
		 dma_spec->np);

	return NULL;
}

     从of_dma_list列表中寻找，我们看看of_dma_list是哪里注册的？发现of_dma_list是从of_dma_controller_register注册的，所以如果DMA控制器要做用I2S的DMA申请，必须调用该函数。

/**
 * of_dma_controller_register - Register a DMA controller to DT DMA helpers
 * @np:			device node of DMA controller
 * @of_dma_xlate:	translation function which converts a phandle
 *			arguments list into a dma_chan structure
 * @data		pointer to controller specific data to be used by
 *			translation function
 *
 * Returns 0 on success or appropriate errno value on error.
 *
 * Allocated memory should be freed with appropriate of_dma_controller_free()
 * call.
 */
int of_dma_controller_register(struct device_node *np,
				struct dma_chan *(*of_dma_xlate)
				(struct of_phandle_args *, struct of_dma *),
				void *data)
{
	struct of_dma	*ofdma;

	if (!np || !of_dma_xlate) {
		pr_err("%s: not enough information provided\n", __func__);
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	ofdma = kzalloc(sizeof(*ofdma), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!ofdma)
		return -ENOMEM;

	ofdma->of_node = np;
	ofdma->of_dma_xlate = of_dma_xlate;
	ofdma->of_dma_data = data;

	/* Now queue of_dma controller structure in list */
	mutex_lock(&of_dma_lock);
	list_add_tail(&ofdma->of_dma_controllers, &of_dma_list);
	mutex_unlock(&of_dma_lock);

	return 0;
}

1.1.4 of_dma_xlate

最后，我们在看一下of_dma_xlate。以drivers\dma\dma-axi-dmac.c为例，查看其probe函数

static int axi_dmac_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	struct device_node *of_channels, *of_chan;
	struct dma_device *dma_dev;
........

	ret = of_dma_controller_register(pdev->dev.of_node,
		of_dma_xlate_by_chan_id, dma_dev);
	if (ret)
		goto err_unregister_device;

.............

	return ret;
}

注册函数为of_dma_xlate_by_chan_id。

1.1.5 of_dma_xlate_by_chan_id

/**
 * of_dma_xlate_by_chan_id - Translate dt property to DMA channel by channel id
 * @dma_spec:	pointer to DMA specifier as found in the device tree
 * @of_dma:	pointer to DMA controller data
 *
 * This function can be used as the of xlate callback for DMA driver which wants
 * to match the channel based on the channel id. When using this xlate function
 * the #dma-cells propety of the DMA controller dt node needs to be set to 1.
 * The data parameter of of_dma_controller_register must be a pointer to the
 * dma_device struct the function should match upon.
 *
 * Returns pointer to appropriate dma channel on success or NULL on error.
 */
struct dma_chan *of_dma_xlate_by_chan_id(struct of_phandle_args *dma_spec,
					 struct of_dma *ofdma)
{
	struct dma_device *dev = ofdma->of_dma_data;
	struct dma_chan *chan, *candidate = NULL;

	if (!dev || dma_spec->args_count != 1)
		return NULL;

	list_for_each_entry(chan, &dev->channels, device_node)
		if (chan->chan_id == dma_spec->args[0]) {
			candidate = chan;
			break;
		}

	if (!candidate)
		return NULL;

	return dma_get_slave_channel(candidate);
}

匹配找到的DMA控制器的Chan id，最后调用dma_get_slave_channel。

/**
 * dma_get_slave_channel - try to get specific channel exclusively
 * @chan: target channel
 */
struct dma_chan *dma_get_slave_channel(struct dma_chan *chan)
{
	int err = -EBUSY;

	/* lock against __dma_request_channel */
	mutex_lock(&dma_list_mutex);

	if (chan->client_count == 0) {
		struct dma_device *device = chan->device;

		dma_cap_set(DMA_PRIVATE, device->cap_mask);
		device->privatecnt++;
		err = dma_chan_get(chan);
...........
	} else
		chan = NULL;

	mutex_unlock(&dma_list_mutex);


	return chan;
}

调用dma_chan_get

/**
 * dma_chan_get - try to grab a dma channel's parent driver module
 * @chan - channel to grab
 *
 * Must be called under dma_list_mutex
 */
static int dma_chan_get(struct dma_chan *chan)
{
	struct module *owner = dma_chan_to_owner(chan);
	int ret;
..............

	/* allocate upon first client reference */
	if (chan->device->device_alloc_chan_resources) {
		ret = chan->device->device_alloc_chan_resources(chan);
		if (ret < 0)
			goto err_out;
	}

 .............
}

最终调用dma控制器的device_alloc_chan_resources函数。

2. snd_soc_add_platform

/**
 * snd_soc_add_platform - Add a platform to the ASoC core
 * @dev: The parent device for the platform
 * @platform: The platform to add
 * @platform_drv: The driver for the platform
 */
int snd_soc_add_platform(struct device *dev, struct snd_soc_platform *platform,
		const struct snd_soc_platform_driver *platform_drv)
{
	int ret;

	ret = snd_soc_component_initialize(&platform->component,
			&platform_drv->component_driver, dev);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	platform->dev = dev;
	platform->driver = platform_drv;

	if (platform_drv->probe)
		platform->component.probe = snd_soc_platform_drv_probe;
	if (platform_drv->remove)
		platform->component.remove = snd_soc_platform_drv_remove;

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
	platform->component.debugfs_prefix = "platform";
#endif

	mutex_lock(&client_mutex);
	snd_soc_component_add_unlocked(&platform->component);
	list_add(&platform->list, &platform_list);
	mutex_unlock(&client_mutex);

	dev_dbg(dev, "ASoC: Registered platform '%s'\n",
		platform->component.name);

	return 0;
}

      初始化platform的component， 设置probe, remove回调，最终将platform添加到platform_list中，将platform->component添加到component_list链表中。