Time Limit: 1000MS | Memory Limit: 262144KB | 64bit IO Format: %I64d & %I64u |
Description
Dima loves representing an odd number as the sum of multiple primes, and Lisa loves it when there are at most three primes. Help them to represent the given number as the sum of at most than three primes.
More formally, you are given an odd numer n. Find a set of numbers pi (1 ≤ i ≤ k), such that
- 1 ≤ k ≤ 3
- pi is a prime
The numbers pi do not necessarily have to be distinct. It is guaranteed that at least one possible solution exists.
Input
The single line contains an odd number n (3 ≤ n < 109).
Output
In the first line print k(1 ≤ k ≤ 3), showing how many numbers are in the representation you found.
In the second line print numbers pi in any order. If there are multiple possible solutions, you can print any of them.
Sample Input
27
3 5 11 11
Sample Output
Hint
A prime is an integer strictly larger than one that is divisible only by one and by itself.
Source
1个:本身就是素数。
2个:因为给的是奇数,所以两个拆出来的数一定是一奇一偶,既是偶数又是素数的数只有2,所以我们只需判断n-2是否为素数即可。
3个:情况有两种:三个奇数,一奇二偶。
一奇二偶:二偶只能是2,2,所以判断n-4是否为奇数。
三个奇数:这就要用到前面的结论了。先找一个比n小的素数(尽量靠近n),根据上面的那个规律,所以我们就能很快的找到另一个素数。在做差以后得到x,剩下的两个数就在x里面暴力寻找即可。
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<algorithm>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
bool judge(int x)
{
if(x==2||x==3) return true;
else
{
for(int i=2;i<=sqrt(x);i++)
{
if(x%i==0)
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
int main()
{
int n,m,i,j,k;
while(scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF)
{
if(judge(n))
printf("1\n%d\n",n);
else if(judge(n-2))
printf("2\n2 %d\n",n-2);
else if(judge(n-4))
printf("3\n2 2 %d\n",n-4);
else
{
for(i=n-3;i>=n-300&&i>=1;i--)
{
if(judge(i))
{
k=i;
break;
}
}
m=n-i;
if(judge(m))
printf("2\n%d %d",m,k);
else
{
for(i=2;i<=m;i++)
{
if(judge(i)&&judge(m-i))
{
printf("3\n%d %d %d\n",i,m-i,k);
break;
}
}
}
}
}
return 0;
}