块设备驱动程序

块设备驱动程序

块设备驱动程序框架
1. 分配gendisk: alloc_disk
2. 设置
2.1 分配/设置队列: request_queue_t  // 它提供读写能力
    blk_init_queue
2.2 设置gendisk其他信息             // 它提供属性: 比如容量
3. 注册: add_disk

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/genhd.h>
#include <linux/hdreg.h>
#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/wait.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/blkpg.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <asm/system.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/dma.h>

static struct gendisk *blockdev_disk;
static request_queue_t *blockdev_queue;
static int major;
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(blockdev_lock);
#define RAMBLOCK_SIZE (1024*1024)
static unsigned char *blockdev_buf;

static int blockdev_getgeo(struct block_device *bdev, struct hd_geometry *geo)
{
/* 容量=heads*cylinders*sectors*512 */
geo->heads     = 2;
geo->cylinders = 32;
geo->sectors   = RAMBLOCK_SIZE/2/32/512;
return 0;
}

static struct block_device_operations blockdev_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.getgeo = blockdev_getgeo,
};

static void do_blockdev_request(request_queue_t * q)
{
static int r_cnt = 0;
static int w_cnt = 0;
struct request *req;

//printk("do_blockdev_request %d\n", ++cnt);

while ((req = elv_next_request(q)) != NULL) {
/* 数据传输三要素: 源,目的,长度 */
/* 源/目的: */
unsigned long offset = req->sector * 512;

/* 目的/源: */
// req->buffer

/* 长度: */
unsigned long len = req->current_nr_sectors * 512;

if (rq_data_dir(req) == READ)
{
//printk("do_blockdev_request read %d\n", ++r_cnt);
memcpy(req->buffer, blockdev_buf+offset, len);
}
else
{
//printk("do_blockdev_request write %d\n", ++w_cnt);
memcpy(blockdev_buf+offset, req->buffer, len);
}

end_request(req, 1);
}
}

static int blockdev_init(void)
{
/* 1. 分配一个gendisk结构体 */
blockdev_disk = alloc_disk(16); /* 次设备号个数: 分区个数+1 */

/* 2. 设置 */
/* 2.1 分配/设置队列: 提供读写能力 */
blockdev_queue = blk_init_queue(do_blockdev_request, &blockdev_lock);
blockdev_disk->queue = blockdev_queue;

/* 2.2 设置其他属性: 比如容量 */
major = register_blkdev(0, "blockdev");  /* cat /proc/devices */
blockdev_disk->major       = major;
blockdev_disk->first_minor = 0;
sprintf(blockdev_disk->disk_name, "blockdev");
blockdev_disk->fops        = &blockdev_fops;
set_capacity(blockdev_disk, RAMBLOCK_SIZE / 512);

/* 3. 硬件相关操作 */
blockdev_buf = kzalloc(RAMBLOCK_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);

/* 4. 注册 */
add_disk(blockdev_disk);

return 0;
}

static void blockdev_exit(void)
{
unregister_blkdev(major, "blockdev");
del_gendisk(blockdev_disk);
put_disk(blockdev_disk);
blk_cleanup_queue(blockdev_queue);

kfree(blockdev_buf);
}

module_init(blockdev_init);
module_exit(blockdev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

测试:
1. insmod ramblock.ko
2. ls /dev/ramblock*
3. fdisk /dev/ramblock  分区

参考：
drivers\block\xd.c
drivers\block\z2ram.c