文件系统编程的应用

修改项目通讯录:利用文件读取数据,写入数据。


头文件:AddressList.h

#ifndef __ADDRESSLIST_H__
#define __ADDRESSLIST_H__

#define FALSE 0
#define TRUE  1
#define N 20


typedef struct _information
{
	int  id;
	char name[N];
	char tel[N];
	char address[N];
	char officetel[N];
}LinkData;

typedef struct _node
{
	LinkData data;
	struct _node * next;
}Node;

//菜单栏
int Interface_Display();

// 创建链表
Node * Create_List();

//尾插
int Insert_Last(Node *h, LinkData data);

// 添加好友
int Add_Friend(Node *h, int num);

//查找好友
int Find_Friend(Node* h, char *name);

// 删除指定数据
int Delete_Frined(Node *h, char *name);

//通过ID 和 name删除指定数据
int Delete_Id(Node *h, int id, char *name);

//获取链表长度
int Get_Len(Node *h);

//通讯录排序
int Order_Len(Node *h, int *len);

//输出通讯录
int Display(Node *h);

// 写入文件
int write_data(Node *h);

// 读取文件
int read_data(Node *h);

//删除 第 pos 个结点
int Delete_Pos(Node* h, int pos);

// 清空链表
int Clean_List(Node *h);

// 销毁链表
int Destroy(Node *h);

#endif 

AddressList.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "AddressList.h"
#include <string.h>


//主菜单
int Interface_Display()  
{      
    system ("clear");  
    printf ("\t*****************************************\n");  
    printf ("\t~           欢迎使用通讯录              ~\n");  
    printf ("\t~                                       ~\n");  
    printf ("\t~       1 >>>>>>>>>  添加好友信息       ~\n");  
    printf ("\t~       2 >>>>>>>>>  列表好友信息       ~\n");  
    printf ("\t~       3 >>>>>>>>>  搜索好友           ~\n");  
    printf ("\t~       4 >>>>>>>>>  删除好友           ~\n");  
    printf ("\t~       5 >>>>>>>>>  退出               ~\n");  
    printf ("\t~                                       ~\n");  
    printf ("\t~                                       ~\n");  
    printf ("\t~                                       ~\n");  
    printf ("\t~                                       ~\n");  
    printf ("\t*****************************************\n");  
    printf ("                                           \n");  
    printf ("\t请输入对应数字选择相应功能:");  
}  

//创建链表
Node * Create_List()
{
	Node *list = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node)/sizeof(char));
	if (list == NULL)
		return NULL;
	
	list->next = NULL;  //空表
	
	return list;
}

//尾插
int Insert_Last(Node *h, LinkData data)
{
	if (h == NULL)
		return FALSE;
	
	Node *node = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node)/sizeof(char));
	if (node == NULL)
	{
		return FALSE;
	}
	node->data = data;
	node->next = NULL;
	
	Node* tmp = h;
	while (tmp->next)
	{
		tmp = tmp->next;
	}
	
	tmp->next = node;
	
	return TRUE;
}


// 添加好友
int Add_Friend(Node *h, int num)
{
	if(h == NULL)
		return FALSE;
	
	Node *node = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node)/sizeof(char));
	if(node == NULL)
	{
		return FALSE;
	}
	
	system("clear");
	
	node->data.id = num;
	printf ("\t好友的ID为:%d\n", node->data.id);  
	printf ("\n");
	
	printf ("\t请输入好友的姓名:");  
    scanf ("%s", node->data.name);  
    printf ("\n");
	
	printf ("\t请输入好友的手机号码:");  
    scanf ("%s", node->data.tel);  
    printf ("\n");

	printf ("\t请输入好友的家庭地址:");  
    scanf ("%s", node->data.address);  
    printf ("\n");
	
	printf ("\t请输入好友的公司电话:");  
    scanf ("%s", node->data.officetel);  
    printf ("\n");
	
	node->next = NULL;
	  
	printf ("\n");
	printf("\t添加成功!\n");
	
	Node *tmp = h;
	while(tmp->next)
	{
		tmp = tmp->next;
	}
	tmp->next = node;
	return TRUE;
}


//通讯录排序
int Order_Len(Node *h, int *len)
{
	if (h == NULL)
	{
		return FALSE;
	}
	if (h->next == NULL)
	{
		printf ("通讯录为空\n");
		return TRUE;
	}
	
	Node *tmp = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node)/sizeof(char));
	if (tmp == NULL)
	{
		return FALSE;
	}
	int i,j;
	for(i = 0; i < (*len)-1; i++)
	{
		Node *min = h->next;
		Node *max = h->next->next;
		for(j = 0; j < (*len)-i-1; j++)
		{
			if(min->data.id > max->data.id)
			{
				tmp->data = min->data;
				min->data = max->data;
				max->data = tmp->data;
			}
			min = min->next;
			max = max->next;
		}
	}
	free(tmp);
	return TRUE;
}


//输出列表好友
int Display(Node *h)
{
	if(h == NULL)
		return;
	
	Node *tmp = h->next;
	
	while(tmp)
	{
		printf ("\t%d", tmp->data.id);
		printf ("\t%s", tmp->data.name);
		printf ("\t%s", tmp->data.tel);
		printf ("\t%s", tmp->data.address);
		printf ("\t\t%s", tmp->data.officetel);
		printf("\n");
		tmp = tmp->next;
	}
	printf("\n");

}


//查找好友
int Find_Friend(Node *h, char *name)
{
	if (h == NULL)
		return FALSE;
	
	Node *tmp;
	int k = 0;
	for(tmp = h->next; tmp != NULL; tmp = tmp->next)
	{
		if (strcmp(tmp->data.name, name) == 0)
		{
			k++;
			printf ("\t查询的好友信息:\n\tID: %d\n  \t姓名: %s\n  \t手机号码: %s\n  \t家庭地址: %s\n  \t公司电话: %s\n", tmp->data.id, tmp->data.name, tmp->data.tel, tmp->data.address, tmp->data.officetel); 
		}
		printf ("\n");
	}
	
	if (k == 0)
		{
			printf ("\t您的通讯录中没有该好友!\n");
		}
	return k;
}

//删除指定数据
int Delete_Frined(Node *h, char *name)
{
	if (h == NULL)
		return FALSE;

	Node *tmp = h;
	while (tmp->next)
	{
		if (strcmp(tmp->next->data.name, name) == 0)
		{
			break;
		}
		tmp = tmp->next;
	}
	
	if (tmp->next == NULL)
		return FALSE;
	
	Node *p = tmp->next;
	tmp->next = p->next;
	free(p);
	
	return TRUE;
}


//通过 id 删除指定数据
int Delete_Id(Node *h, int id, char *name)
{
	if (h == NULL)
		return FALSE;

	Node *tmp = h;
	while (tmp->next)
	{
		if (strcmp(tmp->next->data.name, name) == 0 && tmp->next->data.id == id)
		{
			break;
		}
		tmp = tmp->next;
	}
	
	if (tmp->next == NULL)
		return FALSE;
	
	Node *p = tmp->next;
	tmp->next = p->next;
	free(p);
	
	return TRUE;
}



//获取链表长度
int Get_Len(Node *h)
{
	if (h == NULL)
		return 0;
	
	Node *tmp = h;
	int count = 0;
	while (tmp->next)
	{
		count++;
		tmp = tmp->next;
	}
	return count;
}

// 写入文件
int write_data(Node *h)
{
	if (h == NULL)
		return FALSE;
	
	FILE *fp = fopen("friend", "wb");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror ("fopen");
		return;
	}
	
	//获取链表中结点的个数
    int count_node = Get_Len(h);
	// 要写入个数
	if (fwrite(&count_node, sizeof(int), 1, fp) != 1)
	{
		perror ("fwrite");
		return FALSE;
	}	
	int i;
	Node *tmp = h->next;	// 第一个结点
	for (i = 0; i < count_node; i++)
	{
		// 写入数据长度
		int len = sizeof(tmp->data);
		if (fwrite(&len, sizeof(int), 1, fp) != 1)
		{
			perror ("fwrite");
			return FALSE;
		}	
		
		// 写入数据
		if (fwrite(&(tmp->data), len, 1, fp) != 1)
		{
			perror ("fwrite");
			return FALSE;
		}
		tmp = tmp->next;
	}
	
	fclose(fp);
	return TRUE;
}

// 读取文件
int read_data(Node *h)
{
	if (h == NULL)
		return FALSE;
	
	FILE *fp = fopen("friend", "rb");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror ("fopen");
		return;
	}
	
	//读记录的个数
    int count_node;
	if (fread(&count_node, sizeof(int), 1, fp) != 1)
	{
		perror ("fread");
		return FALSE;
	}	
	int i;
	LinkData data;	
	for (i = 0; i < count_node; i++)
	{
		int len;
		if (fread(&len, sizeof(int), 1, fp) != 1)
		{
			perror ("fread");
			return FALSE;
		}	
		
		// 读取数据
		if (fread(&(data), len, 1, fp) != 1)
		{
			perror ("fread");
			return FALSE;
		}
		Insert_Last(h, data);
	}
	
	fclose(fp);
	return TRUE;
}

//删除 第 pos 个结点
int Delete_Pos(Node* h, int pos)
{
	if (h == NULL || pos < 1)
		return FALSE;
	
	// 找要插入位置的前一个结点
	Node *tmp = h;
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < pos-1; i++)
	{
		if (tmp->next == NULL)
			break;
		tmp = tmp->next;
	}
	
	if (tmp->next == NULL)   // 越界
	{
		printf("删除位置越界\n");
		return FALSE;
	}
	
	Node *p = tmp->next;
	tmp->next = p->next;
	free(p);
	
	return TRUE;
}

// 清空链表
int Clean_List(Node * h)
{
	if (h == NULL)
		return FALSE;
	
	Node *tmp = h;
	while (tmp->next)
	{
		Delete_Pos(h, 1);
	}
	
	return 0;
}

// 销毁链表
int Destroy(Node *h)
{
	if (h == NULL)
		return FALSE;
	Clean_List(h);
	free(h);
	
	return TRUE;
}

main.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include "AddressList.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
	Node* head = Create_List();
	if (head == NULL)
	{
		printf("通讯录创建失败!\n");
		return -1;
	}
	
	// 读取文件
	read_data(head);
	char name[20];
	int i;
	char tmp[N];
	int count = 1;
	
	while(1)
	{
		Interface_Display();
		int Function;
		scanf ("%d", &Function);
		
		switch(Function)
		{
			case 1:
			{
				system ("clear"); 
				Function = 0;
				Add_Friend(head, count++);
				//write_data(data, x);	
				printf ("请输入 Enter 返回菜单:");
				getchar();
				getchar();
				break;
			}
			
			case 2:
			{
				system ("clear");
				printf("\t*******************好友信息*******************\n");
				Function = 0;
				//count = Get_Len(head);
				//Order_Len(head, &count); // 排序
				Display(head);
				printf ("请输入 Enter 返回菜单:");
				getchar();
				getchar();
				break;
			}
			
			case 3:
			{
				system ("clear"); 
				printf("\t*******************查找好友*******************\n");
				Function = 0;
				printf ("请输入需要查找的好友姓名: \n");
				scanf ("%s", name);
				printf ("\n");
				Find_Friend(head, name);
				printf ("请输入 Enter 返回菜单:");
				getchar();
				getchar();
				break;
			}
			
			case 4:
			{
				system ("clear"); 
				Function = 0;
				printf ("请输入需要删除的好友姓名: ");
				scanf ("%s", name);
				printf ("\n");
				
				int k = Find_Friend(head, name);
		
				if (k == 0)
				{
					printf ("需要删除的好友不存在!\n");
				}
				else if (k == 1)
				{
					Delete_Frined(head, name);
					printf ("好友已删除!\n");
				}
				else
				{
					system ("clear");
					Find_Friend(head, name);
					printf ("请输入要删除的ID号:");
					int id;
					scanf ("%d", &id);
					Delete_Id(head, id, name);
					printf ("删除成功!\n");
				}
				printf ("请输入 Enter 返回菜单:");
				getchar();
				getchar();
				break;
			}
			
			case 5:
			{
				Function = 0;
				system ("clear");
				// 写入文件
				write_data(head);
				Destroy(head);
				exit(0);
			}
			default:
				printf ("\t操作有误,请重新输入整数1~5\n");
				printf ("\t输入回车键。。。。。。。。。");
				getchar();
				getchar();
				break;
	
		}
	}
	
	return 0;
}


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