HDU-1395 2^x mod n=1

See the article on https://dyingdown.github.io/2019/12/16/HDU-1395%202%5Ex-mod-n=1/

HDU-1395 2x mod n=1

Give a number n, find the minimum x(x>0) that satisfies 2^x mod n = 1.

Input

One positive integer on each line, the value of n.

Output

If the minimum x exists, print a line with 2^x mod n = 1.

Print 2^? mod n = 1 otherwise.

You should replace x and n with specific numbers.

Sample Input

2
5

Sample Output

2^? mod 2 = 1
2^4 mod 5 = 1

Analysis

This is a loop problem, you need to loop x from 1 to MAX to find if there is an x that fits it. However, if the $2^{MAX}$ can be very big and exceeded long long. So we use an formula
$$(a\times b)\%n=((a\%n)\times b)\%n$$
which means $2^i=(2^i)\%n$ in this situation.

Code

#include<bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

int main() {
	int n;
	while(cin >> n) {
		int i = 1, ans = 2;
		for(; i < 10000; i ++) {
			if(ans % n == 1) break;
			ans *= 2;
			ans %= n;
		}
		if(i < 10000) printf("2^%d mod %d = 1\n", i, n);
		else printf("2^? mod %d = 1\n", n);
	}
	return 0;
}