配置虚拟机镜像 并用libvirt 启动虚拟机

1、创建qcow2镜像

wget http://releases.ubuntu.com/14.04/ubuntu-14.04-desktop-amd64.iso
qemu-img create -f qcow2 ubuntu.qcow2 10G    

2. 下载并复制ubuntu的iso镜像到指定目录

<domain type='kvm'>
    <name>test_ubuntu</name>                     //虚拟机名称
    <memory>1048576</memory>                  //最大内存
    <currentMemory>1048576</currentMemory>    //可用内存
    <vcpu>1</vcpu>                                                      //虚拟cpu个数
    <os>
      <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc'>hvm</type>
      <boot dev='cdrom'/>                                           //光盘启动
   </os>
   <features>
     <acpi/>
     <apic/>
     <pae/>
   </features>
   <clock offset='localtime'/>
   <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
   <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>  
   <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
   <devices>
     <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64</emulator>
     <disk type='file' device='disk'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>            
       <source file='/home/yaoxin/useful_script/test/ubuntu.qcow2'/>         //目的镜像路径
       <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
     </disk>
     <disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
       <source file='/home/yaoxin/useful_script/test/ubuntu-22.04.1-live-server-amd64.iso'/>              //光盘镜像路径
       <target dev='hdb' bus='ide'/>
     </disk>
    <interface type='bridge'>                                               //虚拟机网络连接方式
      <source bridge='virbr0'/>
      <mac address="00:16:3e:5d:aa:a8"/>    //为虚拟机分配mac地址，务必唯一，否则dhcp获得同样ip,引起冲突
    </interface>
    <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
     <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes' listen = '0.0.0.0' keymap='en-us'/>//vnc方式登录，端口号自动分配，自动加1
   </devices>
</domain>

• virsh define setup.xml //创建虚拟机 查看当前系统所有的虚拟机信息：virsh list --all
• virsh start test_ubuntu //启动虚拟机
• virsh vncdisplay test_ubuntu //查看虚拟机的vnc端口
• Download VNC Viewer
• 使用VNC viewer访问 虚拟机

3. 使用制作好的虚拟机镜像启动虚拟机

<domain type='kvm'>
<name>test_ubuntu</name>
<memory>1048576</memory>
<currentMemory>1048576</currentMemory>
<vcpu>1</vcpu>
<os>
<type arch='x86_64' machine='pc'>hvm</type>
<boot dev='hd'/>     //即harddisk，从磁盘启动
</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
<pae/>
</features>
<clock offset='localtime'/>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64</emulator>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
<source file='/home/yaoxin/useful_script/test/ubuntu.qcow2'/> //目的镜像路径
<target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
<source file='/home/yaoxin/useful_script/test/ubuntu-22.04.1-live-server-amd64.iso'/> //光盘镜像路径
<target dev='hdb' bus='ide'/>
</disk>
<interface type='bridge'>
<source bridge='virbr0'/>
<mac address="00:16:3e:5d:aa:a9"/>
</interface>
<input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
<graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes' keymap='en-us'/>

</devices>
</domain>

使用制作好的镜像和start.xml配置文件来创建并启动虚拟机。

virsh define start.xml

virsh start test_ubuntu