在dos命令提示下直接使用nslookup + 网址 即可看到网站的架构布局.
摘录如下:
门户级网站架构设计
摘录如下:
门户级网站架构设计
1、
新浪
新浪采用了ChinaCache
做的CDN
系统,ChinaCache
在全国分布了四十多个点,同时采用基于动态DNS
分配的全球服务器负载均衡技术。
从新浪的站点结构可以看出:
>
www.sina.com.cn
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
libra.sina.com.cn
Addresses: 61.135.152.71, 61.135.152.72, 61.135.152.73, 61.135.152.74
61.135.152.75, 61.135.152.76, 61.135.153.181, 61.135.153.182, 61.135.53.183, 61.135.153.184, 61.135.152.65, 61.135.152.66, 61.135.152.67, 61.135.12.68, 61.135.152.69, 61.135.152.70
Aliases: www.sina.com.cn, jupiter.sina.com.cn
在北京地区ChinaCache
将
www.sina.com.cn
的网址解析到libra.sina.com.cn
,然后libra.sina.com.cn
做了DNS
负载均衡,将libra.sina.com.cn
解析到61.135.152.71
等16
个ip
上,这16
个ip
分布在北京的多台前台缓存服务器上,使用squid
做前台缓存。如果是在其它地区访问www.sina.com.cn
可能解析到本地相应的服务器,例如pavo.sina.com.cn
,然后pavo
又对应了很多做了squid
的ip
。这样就实现了在不同地区访问自动转到最近的服务器访问,达到加快访问速度的效果。
我们再看一个新浪其它频道是指到哪里的:
> news.sina.com.cn
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
libra.sina.com.cn
Addresses: 61.135.152.65, 61.135.152.66, 61.135.152.67, 61.135.152.68
61.135.152.69, 61.135.152.70, 61.135.152.71, 61.135.152.72, 61.135.152.73 61.135.153.178, 61.135.153.179, 61.135.153.180, 61.135.153.181, 61.135.153.182 61.135.153.183, 61.135.153.184
Aliases: news.sina.com.cn, jupiter.sina.com.cn
2、
搜狐
Sohu
与新浪的原理差不多,下面是nslookup
的结果:
>
www.sohu.com
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
pagegrp1.sohu.com
Addresses: 61.135.132.172, 61.135.132.173, 61.135.132.176, 61.135.133.109
61.135.145.47, 61.135.150.65, 61.135.150.67, 61.135.150.69, 61.135.150.74 61.135.150.75, 61.135.150.113, 61.135.150.145, 61.135.131.73, 61.135.131.91 61.135.131.180, 61.135.131.182, 61.135.131.183, 61.135.132.65, 61.135.
132.80
Aliases:
www.sohu.com
只不过libra.sina.com.cn
换成了pagegrp1.sohu.com
我们再来看一下sohu
的频道:
> news.sohu.com
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
pagegrp1.sohu.com
Addresses: 61.135.145.47, 61.135.150.65, 61.135.150.67, 61.135.150.69
61.135.150.74, 61.135.150.75, 61.135.150.113, 61.135.150.145, 61.135.131.73 61.135.131.91, 61.135.131.180, 61.135.131.182, 61.135.131.183, 61.135.132.65 61.135.132.80, 61.135.132.172, 61.135.132.173, 61.135.132.176, 61.135.133.109
Aliases: news.sohu.com
同新浪相同,用的是同样的服务器群,这可能是因为他们用的都是ChinaCache
的服务吧,不过sohu
的名字起的有点土,pagegrp1
,没有libra
,pavo
好听,这名字听起来有点像法语,比较浪漫。
3、
网易
网易似乎没用ChinaCache
的服务,下面是nslookup
结果:
>
www.163.com
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
www.163.com
Addresses: 202.106.168.103, 202.106.168.104, 202.106.168.109, 202.106.168.121
202.108.36.153, 202.108.36.155, 202.108.36.156, 202.108.36.167, 202.108.36.172 202.108.36.196
直接在www.163.com
这个域名上做了DNS
负载均衡。这样的话就要求服务器必须放的非常靠近主节点,才能保证各地的用户访问的速度。
但163
不同的频道是放在不同的缓存集群上的,这与sina
,sohu
有些不同,等于sina
,sohu
是按照地区划分服务器集群,而网易按照频道划分服务器集群。
>
163.com
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
163.com
Addresses: 202.108.36.205, 202.108.36.206, 202.108.36.207, 202.108.36.201
202.108.36.202, 202.108.36.203, 202.108.36.204
>
sports.163.com
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
channel.cache.163.com
Addresses: 202.108.36.136, 202.108.36.208, 202.108.36.209, 202.108.36.210
202.108.36.211, 202.108.36.212, 202.108.36.213
Aliases: sports.163.com
可以看出,和上面的集群也是不同的。
4、
百度
百度的前台服务器就不是很多了:
>
www.baidu.com
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
www.baidu.com
Addresses: 202.108.250.249, 202.108.249.134
>
baidu.com
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
baidu.com
Address: 202.108.250.228
>
mp3.baidu.com
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
mp3.baidu.com
Address: 202.108.249.131
5、
一搜
>
yisou.com
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
yisou.com
Addresses: 202.165.102.114, 202.43.217.14, 202.43.217.15, 202.43.217.16
202.43.217.17, 202.165.102.111, 202.165.102.112, 202.165.102.113
>
www.yisou.com
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
www.yisou.com
Addresses: 202.43.217.17, 202.165.102.111, 202.165.102.112, 202.165.102.113
202.165.102.114, 202.43.217.14, 202.43.217.15, 202.43.217.16
>
mp3.yisou.com
Server: UnKnown
Address: 192.168.1.254
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:
www.yisou.com
Addresses: 202.165.102.113, 202.165.102.114, 202.43.217.14, 202.43.217.15
202.43.217.16, 202.43.217.17, 202.165.102.111, 202.165.102.112
Aliases: mp3.yisou.com
前台做了8
台服务器的缓存集群,www.yisou.com
和 yisou.com
以及mp3.yisou.com
是用的同一个集群。
通过前面的分析我们可以得到一个结论:sina
和sohu
使用了CDN
与GSBL
与DNS
负载均衡技术,每个地区一组前台服务器群,网易,百度使用了DNS
负载均衡技术,每个频道一组前台服务器,一搜使用了DNS
负载技术,所有频道共用一组前台服务器集群