android AIDL，跨进程通讯

简介

1，AIDL的全称是Android Interface Definition Language
2，目的是为了实现进程间通信，尤其是在涉及多进程并发情况下的进程间通信
3，建立一个扩展名为aidl的文件
4，如果aidl文件的内容是正确的，ide会自动生成一个Java接口文件（*.java）
5，在AndroidManifest.xml文件中配置AIDL服务
6，< action >标签的android:name属性值就是客户端要引用该服务的ID

使用aidl进行跨进程通讯

在项目中创建aidl文件

右键要创建文件的项目包名 -> new -> aidl -> aidl file

编写adil文件

// IHermesService.aidl
package com.xxx.hermes.bean;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
//这里需要自己手动添加，并且有与之对应的java文件和aidl文件
import com.xxx.hermes.bean.HermesBean;

interface IHermesService {
    /**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
     HermesBean getHermesBean();

     void setHermesBean(int id,String name,double money);
}

//对应的HermesBean的aidl文件
// HermesBean.aidl
package com.xxx.hermes.bean;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

parcelable HermesBean;

package com.xxx.hermes.bean;

import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;
//HermesBean于之对应的HermesBean.aidl必须在同一个包名路径下
public class HermesBean implements Parcelable {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private double money;
 //省略构造方法、序列化、反序列化、get/set方法、toString
}

实现adil的接口

package com.xxx.hermes.aidl;

import android.util.Log;

import com.xxx.hermes.bean.HermesBean;
import com.xxx.hermes.bean.IHermesService;

//实现adil的接口，暴露给客户端使用
public class HermesAidl extends IHermesService.Stub {
    @Override
    public HermesBean getHermesBean() {
        return new HermesBean(1, "admin", 9999D);
    }

    @Override
    public void setHermesBean(int id, String name, double money) {
        HermesBean hermesBean = new HermesBean(id, name, money);
        Log.i("appjson", "其他进程传递进来的：" + hermesBean.toString());
    }
}

aidl服务端

package com.xxx.hermes.service;


import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;

import com.xxx.hermes.aidl.HermesAidl;

//跨进程通信的服务端
public class HermesService extends Service {

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return new HermesAidl();
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

<application>
	<service
		android:name="com.xxx.hermes.service.HermesService"
		android:enabled="true"
		android:process=":hermes" />
</application>

aidl客户端

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private IHermesService iHermesService = null;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //这里开启aidl的服务端
        Intent i = new Intent(this, HermesService.class);
        startService(i);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        //绑定这个客户端
		Intent intent = new Intent(this, HermesService.class);
        bindService(intent, hermesConnection, BIND_ABOVE_CLIENT);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        //解绑这个客户端
        if (hermesConnection != null)
            unbindService(hermesConnection);
    }

    //服务链接
    private ServiceConnection hermesConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        //服务链接
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
            iHermesService = IHermesService.Stub.asInterface(iBinder);
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "服务连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        //服务断开
        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
            iHermesService = null;
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "服务断开连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    };

	//测试通信
    public void onHermes(View view) throws RemoteException {
        if (iHermesService != null) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "服务已连接，获得HermesBean实例：" + iHermesService.getHermesBean().toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "服务断开连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    } 
}