C语言数据类型探究

数据类型大小

类型	大小
char	1
short	2
short int	2
int	4
long	4
long long	8
float	4
double	8
long double	12

#include "stdio.h"

int main(void)
{
	char *cp_test;
	int *intp_test;

	printf("size of (unsigned char) is %d\n", sizeof(unsigned char));
	printf("size of (short) is %d\n", sizeof(short));
	printf("size of (int) is %d\n", sizeof(int));
	printf("size of (long) is %d\n", sizeof(long));
	printf("size of (long long) is %d\n", sizeof(long long));
	printf("size of (float) is %d\n", sizeof(float));
	printf("size of (double) is %d\n", sizeof(double));
	printf("size of (long double) is %d\n", sizeof(long double));
	printf("size of (char pointer) is %d\n", sizeof(cp_test));
	printf("size of (int pointer) is %d\n", sizeof(intp_test));
	return 0;
}

运行结果：

size of (unsigned char) is 1
size of (short) is 2
size of (int) is 4
size of (long) is 4
size of (long long) is 8
size of (float) is 4
size of (double) is 8
size of (long double) is 12
size of (char pointer) is 4
size of (int pointer) is 4

数据类型转换

数据类型隐式转换

隐式转换规则

• 位数少的转换为位数多的数据结构
• 浮点数类型均先转换为double双精度数据类型，再进行运算。
• char和short类型先转换为int类型，再进行运算。
• 若参与运算量的类型不同，则先转换成同一类型，然后进行运算。

数据类型强制转换

• 位数多的强制转换为位数少的数据类型，转换后的数据类型保留低位数据。
• 存在截断效应，会导致数据精度的丢失

随笔

• 可以通过sizeof得出指针的大小，从而获得系统的位数，因为指针存储的内容为地址。