一、实验要求
1.R4为ISP,其上只能配置IP地址;R4与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有IP
2.R3-R5/6/7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点;
3.整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;
4.所有设备均可访问R4的环回;
5.减少LSA更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;
6.全网可达
二、实验拓扑
三、实验思路
1、IP地址划分
2、配置A0区域的公网IP
3、A0区域公网路由(缺省)
4、配置A0区域MGRE(打开3上动态伪广播)
5、配置私有IP
6、启动ospf协议、RIP协议
7、查看邻居表
(修改公网接口工作方式为broadcast,
中心站点为DR其余放弃选举即修改参选结果优先级0)
8、查看路由表
(RIP重发布,多进程双向重发布解决A4区域,双向导入)
9、减少LSA更新量(路由汇总)
域间汇总:R3、R6、R7
域外汇总:RIP重发布时汇总
A4区域(做了多进程双向重发布)
完全末梢区域+缺省
A1
完全NSSA
A2、A3
关闭A4重发布并添加缺省指向A0区域
10、防环(R3、R6、R7、R9、R12)
11、NAT(R3、R6、R7)
四、实验操作
1、合理IP划分并配置
配置R4与其他设备间公有IP
R4的对端设备配1.1
配置公网路由缺省(使公网全通):
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.1.1.2
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 54.1.1.2
[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 64.1.1.2
[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 74.1.1.2
测试area0全网网可达:
2、配置A0区域MGRE
[r3]int tu0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.129 29
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.1.1.1
[r5]int tu0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.130 29
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.129 34.1.1.1 register
[r6]int tu0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.131 29
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.129 34.1.1.1 register
[r7]int tu0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.132 29
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.129 34.1.1.1 register
测试结果:
3、配置私有IP地址
省略
4、启动OSPF协议和RIP协议
[r1]osp
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.1 0.0.0.0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.34.65 0.0.0.0
[r2]osp
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.34.129 0.0.0.0
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.34.197 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.3 0.0.0.0
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]a 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]a 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.7.255
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-1]a 4
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]area 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.10 0.0.0.0
[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]vlan 2
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
5、修改接口类型
[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r5]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r6]int t0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r7]int t0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
6、修改R5、R6、R7的参选接口优先级
[r5]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[r6]int t0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[r7]int t0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
7、RIP重发布
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
8、多进程双向重发布(area4)
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[r9-ospf-1]q
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1
[r9-ospf-2]
9、域间汇总(R3、R6、R7)
A3
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
A6
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
A7
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
10、域外汇总(A4区域)
AR12
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
AR9
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
11、完全末梢区域(A1)
AR1
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
AR2
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
AR3
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
12、 完全NSSA区域(A2、A3)
AR6
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
AR11
r11]ospf 1
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
AR12
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
AR7
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
AR8
[r8]ospf 1
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
AR9
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
13、关闭A3到A4区域重发布
A3区域重发布无法将缺省传递给A4区域,导致A4只能访问自身和A3,所以A4直接将缺省指向A0区域
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]undo import-route ospf 1
14、A4添加缺省指向A0
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise
15、对子网汇总的路由器做空接口来进行防环
AR3
[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0
AR6
[r6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0
AR7
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0
AR12
[r12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0
AR9
[r9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0
16、NAT协议的配置(能够访问公网)
AR3
[r3]acl 2000
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3]int s 4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
AR5
[r5]acl 2000
[r5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r5]int s4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
AR6
[r6]acl 2000
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6]int s 4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
AR7
[r7]acl 2000
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
17、加快收敛(更改Hello时间)
AR3
[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
AR5
[r5]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
AR6
[r6]int t0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
AR7
[r7]int t0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
18、区域认证的配置,保证更新安全
AR1
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 666666
AR2
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 666666
AR3
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 666666