重发布实验

一、实验拓扑及要求

 

 二、实验思路

1. 配置IP地址
2. 对应设备上运行RIP和OSPF协议
3. 导入R7的环回后在ASBR上进行双向重发布
4. 破除环路
5. 选路最佳

 

三、实验操作

1、配置IP地址

以R1为例

[Huawei]sysname r1
[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 14.1.1.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r1]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 44.1.1.2 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r1]int l0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack0]q
[r1]

2、RIP和OSPF宣告

RIP宣告在R1、R2、R3上进行宣告

	
[r1]rip 1 
[r1-rip-1]ver 2
[r1-rip-1]network 14.0.0.0
[r1-rip-1]net 44.0.0.0
[r1-rip-1]net 1.0.0.0
 
[r2]rip 1
[r2-rip-1]ver 2
[r2-rip-1]net 14.0.0.0
[r2-rip-1]net 2.0.0.0
 
[r3]rip 1
[r3-rip-1]ver 2
[r3-rip-1]net 44.0.0.0
[r3-rip-1]q

OSPF在R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7宣告

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 24.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
 
 
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 34.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
 
 
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]area 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 24.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 34.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 54.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0

3、导入环回并进行双向重发布

导入R7环回：

[r7]ospf 1	
[r7-ospf-1]import-route direct 

R2、R3上进行双向重发布：

[r2]rip 1
[r2-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
[r2-rip-1]q
[r2]ospf 1	
[r2-ospf-1]import-route rip
 
 
[r3]rip 1
[r3-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
[r3-rip-1]q
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]import-route rip

4、破除环路

环路产生：R7环回重发布到R4上之后，R4发布给R2和R3且优先级为150，先配置R2，环回由R2进入rip中优先级变为100，由R2到R1再到R3，此时R3上有两条R7的环回，R4到R3优先级为150，R1到R3优先级为100。R3将优先级为100的路由重新发回OSPF区域，R4也将学习到优先级为100的路由。R1、R2、R3、R4形成环路。

解决方法：修改R2到R1再到R3的优先级大于150
 

//抓R7环回的流量
[r3]ip ip-prefix a permit 7.7.7.0 24
 
//路由策略为b，且b只匹配a，并只改a抓的流量的优先级为151
[r3]route-policy b permit node 10
[r3-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix  a	
[r3-route-policy]apply preference 151
 
 
[r3]rip 1
[r3-rip-1]preference route-policy b

在R2上进行相同操作：

[r2]ip ip-prefix b permit 7.7.7.0 24
[r2]route-policy c permit node 10
[r2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix b	
[r2-route-policy]apply preference 151
[r2-route-policy]q	
[r2]rip 1
[r2-rip-1]preference route-policy c

 

5、选路最佳

ospf内传递3.3.3.3/32，而R3环回重发布近RIP中是3.3.3.3/24，从而导致1上 

 在R3上将环回改为3.3.3.3/24

[r3]int l0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 32

将R2->R4->R3的度量加大，实现R1访问R3及其环回走R1与R3之间的直连路径

 
[r2]ip ip-prefix dd permit 3.3.3.3 32
[r2]ip ip-prefix  dd permit 34.1.1.0 24
//度量加2
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]rip metricout ip-prefix  dd 2

将R3->R4->R2的度量加大，实现R1访问R2走R1与R2之间的直连路径

[r3]ip ip-prefix y permit 24.1.1.0 24	
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]rip metricout ip-prefix y 2

对R4：

R1与R2之间直连和R2环回优化为2到4之间直连路径

[r2]ip ip-prefix n permit 12.1.1.0 24
[r2]ip ip-prefix n permit 2.2.2.0 24
[r2]route-policy bb permit node 10
[r2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix n
 
[r2-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1
[r2-route-policy]q
//空表允许所有经过
[r2]route-policy bb permit node 20
[r2-route-policy]q
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]import-route rip route-policy bb

R3同理

[r3]ip ip-prefix c permit 44.1.1.0 24	
[r3]route-policy hh permit node 10
 
[r3-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix c
	
[r3-route-policy]apply  cost-type type-1
[r3-route-policy]q
 
[r3]route-policy hh permit  node 20
 
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]import-route rip route-policy hh