一,实验拓扑二,实验需求
1 .除了R5环回地址5.5.5.0/24固定外,其他网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理划分
2.R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口,模拟PC,地址也在192.168.1.0/24网络内;
3.R1-R4不能直接编写到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由,但依然可以访问;
4.全网可达,尽量减少每台路由器路由条目数量,避免环路;
5.R4与R5间,正常1000M链路通信,故障时自动改为100M;
三,实验思路:
1.划分给相应设备配置相应IP地址
2.编写到达所有网段的静态路由,除5.5.5.0/24网段外
3.配置缺省路由,实现5.5.5.0/24与其他网段互通,实现全网通,并测试
4.进行防环配置,做黑洞路由配置
5.改备份,改变路由条目优先级实现
6.测试,使1000Mb/s链路故障,观察数据能否走100Mb/s链路
四.实验步骤
配置IP地址
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.1.1/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.1.5/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned down down
LoopBack0 192.168.1.33/28 up up(s)
LoopBack1 192.168.1.49/28 up up(s)
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[R1]
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.1.2/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.1.9/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned down down
LoopBack0 192.168.1.65/28 up up(s)
LoopBack1 192.168.1.81/28 up up(s)
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[R2]
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.1.6/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.1.13/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned down down
LoopBack0 192.168.1.97/28 up up(s)
LoopBack1 192.168.1.113/28 up up(s)
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[R3]
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.1.14/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.1.10/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 192.168.1.17/30 up up
GigabitEthernet4/0/0 192.168.1.21/30 up up
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[R4]
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.1.18/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.1.22/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned down down
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[R5]
配置路由,除5.5.5.0/24外,实现其他网段可达
Public routing table : Static
Destinations : 7 Routes : 10 Configured Routes : 10
Static routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 7 Routes : 10
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
192.168.1.8/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.12/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.6 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.16/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.6 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.20/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.6 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.32/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.96/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.6 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.128/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.6 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
Static routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
[R1]
Public routing table : Static
Destinations : 7 Routes : 9 Configured Routes : 9
Static routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 7 Routes : 9
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
192.168.1.4/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.12/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.10 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.16/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.10 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.20/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.10 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.32/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.96/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.10 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.128/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.10 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
Static routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
[R2]
Public routing table : Static
Destinations : 7 Routes : 8 Configured Routes : 8
Static routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 7 Routes : 8
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
192.168.1.0/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.5 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.8/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.14 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.16/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.14 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.20/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.14 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.32/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.5 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.64/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.5 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.14 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.128/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.14 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
Static routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
[R3]
Public routing table : Static
Destinations : 5 Routes : 6 Configured Routes : 6
Static routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 5 Routes : 6
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
192.168.1.0/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.9 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.4/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.13 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.32/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.13 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.9 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.64/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.9 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.96/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.13 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
[R4]
Public routing table : Static
Destinations : 8 Routes : 16 Configured Routes : 16
Static routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 8 Routes : 16
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
192.168.1.0/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.17 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.21 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.4/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.17 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.21 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.8/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.17 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.21 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.12/30 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.17 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.21 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.32/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.17 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.21 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.64/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.17 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.21 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.96/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.17 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.21 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.128/27 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.17 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.21 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
Static routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
[R5]
R5>ping 192.168.1.5
PING 192.168.1.5: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 192.168.1.5: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.5: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.5: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.5: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=40 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.5: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=30 ms
R1]ping 192.168.1.21
PING 192.168.1.21: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Request time out
Reply from 192.168.1.21: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=40 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.21: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=20 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.21: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.21: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=30 ms
配置缺省路由,实现5.5.5.0/24互通
防环设计
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL 0
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0
5.做备份
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.2 preference61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
全网通