Optimization problem: Maximizing or minimizing some function relative to some set, often representing a range of choices available in a certain situation. The function allows comparison of the different choices for determining which might be “best.”
An optimization problem consists to find the best solution among all possible ones.
Common applications: Minimal cost, maximal profit, minimal error, optimal design, optimal management, variational principles.
Introduction to Optimization Problem: http://www.otlet-institute.org/wikics/Optimization_Problems.html
P问题:有多项式时间算法,算得很快的问题。
NP问题:算起来不确定