设计模式之备忘录模式

游戏角色状态恢复问题

传统方案解决游戏角色恢复

传统的方式的问题分析

备忘录模式基本介绍

基本介绍

原理类图

代码实现

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Originator originator = new Originator();

        Caretaker caretaker = new Caretaker();

        originator.setState("状态1");

        //保存当前状态
        caretaker.add(originator.saveStateMemento());


        originator.setState("状态2");
        caretaker.add(originator.saveStateMemento());


        originator.setState("状态3");
        caretaker.add(originator.saveStateMemento());


        System.out.println("当前状态：："+originator.getState());

        //得到状态1,将originater恢复状态1
        originator.getStateFromMemento(caretaker.get(0));
        System.out.println("恢复到状态1："+originator.getState());


    }

}

public class Caretaker {

    /**
     * 会有很多的备忘录对象
     */
    private List<Memento> mementos = new ArrayList<>();

    public void add(Memento memento){
        mementos.add(memento);
    }

    /**
     * 获取到第index哥Originator的备忘录对象(即保存状态)
     * @param index
     * @return
     */
    public Memento get(Integer index){
        return mementos.get(index);
    }

}

public class Memento {


    private String state;

    public Memento(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }


    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
}

public class Originator {


    /**
     * 状态
     */
    private String state;


    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }

    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }


    /**
     * 编写方法，保存一个状态对象memnto
     * 返回Memnto
     */
    public Memento saveStateMemento(){
        return new Memento(state);
    }


    /**
     * 通过备忘录对象，恢复状态
     */
    public void getStateFromMemento(Memento memento){
        state = memento.getState();
    }

}

角色状态恢复实例

思路分析和图解

代码实现

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建游戏结束
        GameRole gameRole = new GameRole();
        gameRole.setVit(100);
        gameRole.setDef(100);


        System.out.println("和boss干架前的状态");
        gameRole.display();


        //把当前状态保存到Caretaker
        Caretaker caretaker = new Caretaker();
        caretaker.setMemento(gameRole.createMemento());

        System.out.println("和boss大战");

        gameRole.setDef(70);
        gameRole.setVit(70);

        gameRole.display();


        System.out.println("大战后 使用备忘录对象恢复");

       gameRole.recoverGameRoleFromMemento(caretaker.getMemento());

        System.out.println("恢复后的状态");

        gameRole.display();
    }

}

/**
 * @author: LiDeLin  18234780819@163.com
 * @date: 2019/11/24
 * @description : 守护者对象，保存游戏角色的状态
 */
public class Caretaker {

    /**
     * 如果只保存一次状态
     */
    private Memento memento;

    /**
     * 如果对GameRole保存多次状态
     *
     */
    private List<Memento> mementoList = new ArrayList<>();

    /**
     * 对多个游戏角色保存多个状态
     *
     */
    private Map<String,Memento> rolesMenemtos = new HashMap<>();


    public Memento getMemento() {
        return memento;
    }

    public void setMemento(Memento memento) {
        this.memento = memento;
    }

    public List<Memento> getMementoList() {
        return mementoList;
    }

    public void setMementoList(List<Memento> mementoList) {
        this.mementoList = mementoList;
    }

    public Map<String, Memento> getRolesMenemtos() {
        return rolesMenemtos;
    }

    public void setRolesMenemtos(Map<String, Memento> rolesMenemtos) {
        this.rolesMenemtos = rolesMenemtos;
    }
}

public class GameRole {


    private Integer vit;
    private Integer def;


    /**
     * 创建Memento,即根据当前状态得到Memento
     */
    public Memento createMemento(){
        return new Memento(vit,def);
    }

    /**
     * 从备忘录对象恢复gameRole的状态
     *
     */
    public void recoverGameRoleFromMemento(Memento memento){

        this.vit = memento.getVit();
        this.def = memento.getDef();

    }


    /**
     * 显示当前状态
     */
    public void display(){
        System.out.println("当前攻击力"+this.vit+"当前防御力"+this.def);
    }

    public Integer getVit() {
        return vit;
    }

    public void setVit(Integer vit) {
        this.vit = vit;
    }

    public Integer getDef() {
        return def;
    }

    public void setDef(Integer def) {
        this.def = def;
    }
}

public class Memento {

    /**
     * 攻击力
     */
    private int vit;
    /**
     * 防御力
     */
    private int def;

    public Memento(int vit, int def) {
        this.vit = vit;
        this.def = def;
    }

    public int getVit() {
        return vit;
    }

    public void setVit(int vit) {
        this.vit = vit;
    }

    public int getDef() {
        return def;
    }

    public void setDef(int def) {
        this.def = def;
    }
}

备忘录模式的注意事项和细节