1 阻塞: 在应用层调用read函数的时候,如果硬件中的数据没有准备好,此时进程会进入休眠状态,当硬件的数据准备好的时候会给驱动发送中断。驱动收到中断之后,唤醒休眠的进程。这个被唤醒的进程在driver_read读取硬件的数据,并把数据 返回到用户空间。(模型中断)
可以使用队列,把整个进程进入到队列中,使进程进入阻塞的状态,当有数据产生的时候,产生中断,唤醒在队列中的进程,从而读取数据.
队列:
wait_queue_head_t wq //定义等待队列头
init_waitqueue_head(&wq)//初始化等待队列头
wait_event(wq, condition) //不可中断的等待态
wait_event_interruptible(wq, condition)//可中断的等待态(当产生中断信号就可以唤醒)
参数:
@wq :等待对列头
@condition :如果条件为假表示可休眠,如果为真表示不休眠
返回值:成功返回0,失败返回错误码
wake_up(&wq)
wake_up_interruptible(&wq)
唤醒休眠
condition = 1;
分析:wake_up_interruptible()唤醒后,wait_event_interruptible(wq, condition)宏,自身再检查“condition”这个条件以决定是返回还是继续休眠,真(1)则返回,假(0)则继续睡眠,不过这个程序中若有中断程序的话,中断来了,还是会继续执行中断函数的。只有当执行wake_up_interruptible()并且condition条件成立时才会把程序从队列中唤醒。
==========================================================
user
fd = open("hello",O_RDWR); //阻塞的方式打开文件
read(fd,buf,sizeof(buf));
-----------------------------------------------------
kernel:
fops:driver_read()
{
//2.阻塞方式打开的
那进入休眠状态(等待唤醒)
3.读取数据拷贝数据
}
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include<linux/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
#include <asm/hardware.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
struct led_dev_struct{
int major;
struct class *dev_class;
struct device *device_class;
};
struct led_dev_struct *key_drv;
#define GPFx 0x56000050
#define GPGx 0x56000060
volatile unsigned int *gpfcon;
volatile unsigned int *gpfdat;
volatile unsigned int *gpgcon;
volatile unsigned int *gpgdat;
static unsigned int key_val;
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);//队列
/* 中断事件标志, 中断服务程序将它置1,third_drv_read将它清0 */
static volatile int ev_press = 0;
static irqreturn_t key_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
if(irq==IRQ_EINT0)
{
printk("key1-----------\n");
key_val=*gpfdat;
key_val=(key_val&(1<<0))?0:1;
}
if(irq==IRQ_EINT2)
{
printk("key2------------\n");
key_val=*gpfdat;
key_val=(key_val&(1<<2))?0:1;
}
if(irq==IRQ_EINT11)
{
printk("key3-----------\n");
key_val=*gpgdat;
key_val=(key_val&(1<<3))?0:1;
}
ev_press = 1; /* 表示中断发生了 */
wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq); /* 唤醒休眠的进程 */
return IRQ_HANDLED;//表示中断完成
}
static int key_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
//申请中断
request_irq(IRQ_EINT0, key_interrupt,IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING|IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING,"key1",NULL);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT2, key_interrupt,IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING|IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING,"key2",NULL);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT11,key_interrupt,IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING|IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING,"key11",NULL);
return 0;
}
static ssize_t key_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
/* 如果没有按键动作, 休眠 */
wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);
copy_to_user(buffer,&key_val,sizeof(key_val));
ev_press = 0;
return sizeof(key_val);
}
static ssize_t key_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t size,loff_t *ppos)
{
printk("xxxxxxxxxxxxxx\n");
return 0;
}
struct file_operations key_fops={
.open=key_open,
.read= key_read,
.write=key_write,
};
//入口函数
static int __init key_init(void)
{
int ret;
//给机构体申请空间
key_drv=kmalloc(sizeof(struct led_dev_struct), GFP_KERNEL);
//申请设备号
key_drv->major=register_chrdev(0, "key_led", &key_fops);
if ( key_drv->major < 0) {
printk("register_chrdev error\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
//创建类
key_drv->dev_class=class_create(THIS_MODULE, "leds");
if (IS_ERR( key_drv->dev_class)) {
ret= PTR_ERR( key_drv->dev_class);
goto flag1;
}
//创建设备
key_drv->device_class=device_create(key_drv->dev_class, NULL,MKDEV( key_drv->major,0), "led1");
if (IS_ERR( key_drv->device_class)){
ret=PTR_ERR( key_drv->device_class);
goto flag2;
}
//进行映射把物理地址变成虚拟地址
gpfcon= ioremap(GPFx, 16);
gpfdat=gpfcon+1;
gpgcon=ioremap(GPGx,12);
gpgdat=gpgcon+1;
return 0;
flag2:
class_destroy( key_drv->dev_class);
flag1:
unregister_chrdev(0, "key_led");
}
//出口函数
static void __exit key_exit()
{
iounmap( gpgcon);
iounmap( gpfcon);
device_destroy(key_drv->dev_class, MKDEV( key_drv->major,0));
class_destroy(key_drv->dev_class);
unregister_chrdev(0, "key_led");
kfree(key_drv);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT0,NULL);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT2,NULL);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT11,NULL);
}
//入口函数和出口函数的修饰
module_init(key_init);
module_exit(key_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
int fd;
unsigned int key_val;
int cnt = 0;
fd=open("/dev/led1", O_RDWR);
if(fd<0)
{
perror("open\n");
return -1;
}
while (1)
{
read(fd, &key_val, sizeof(key_val));
if (!key_val )
{
printf("%04d key pressed: %d d\n", cnt++, 0);
}
else
{
printf("%04d key pressed: %d d\n", cnt++, 1);
}
}
return 0;
}