基于mini6410的linux按键驱动实例分析

1、 button.c源代码

#include <linux/module.h>

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <mach/hardware.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>

#include <mach/map.h>
#include <mach/regs-clock.h>
#include <mach/regs-gpio.h>

#include <plat/gpio-cfg.h>
#include <mach/gpio-bank-n.h>
#include <mach/gpio-bank-l.h>

#define DEVICE_NAME     "my_buttons"

struct button_irq_desc {
    int irq;
    int number;
    char *name;
};

static struct button_irq_desc button_irqs [] = {
    {IRQ_EINT( 0), 0, "KEY0"},
    {IRQ_EINT( 1), 1, "KEY1"},
    {IRQ_EINT( 2), 2, "KEY2"},
    {IRQ_EINT( 3), 3, "KEY3"},
    {IRQ_EINT( 4), 4, "KEY4"},
    {IRQ_EINT( 5), 5, "KEY5"},
    {IRQ_EINT(19), 6, "KEY6"},
    {IRQ_EINT(20), 7, "KEY7"},
};
static volatile char key_values [] = {'0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0'};

static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq); //定义并初始化等待队列button_waitq

static volatile int ev_press = 0;

/*中断处理程序*/
static irqreturn_t buttons_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id) //void *dev_id = (void *)&button_irqs[i]申请中断时传进来的参数
{
        struct button_irq_desc *button_irqs = (struct button_irq_desc *)dev_id;
        int down;
        int number;
        unsigned tmp;

        udelay(0);
        number = button_irqs->number;
        switch(number) {
        case 0: case 1: case 2: case 3: case 4: case 5:
                tmp = readl(S3C64XX_GPNDAT);//从内存映射的i/o空间读取32位数据
                down = !(tmp & (1<<number));
                break;
        case 6: case 7:
                tmp = readl(S3C64XX_GPLDAT);
                down = !(tmp & (1 << (number + 5)));
                break;
        default:
                down = 0;
        }

        if (down != (key_values[number] & 1)) {
                key_values[number] = '0' + down;

                ev_press = 1;
                wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq);/*唤醒阻塞（睡眠）的等待队列*/
        }

    return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}


static int s3c64xx_buttons_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    int i;
    int err = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(button_irqs)/sizeof(button_irqs[0]); i++) {
        if (button_irqs[i].irq < 0) {
                continue;
        }
        /*为6个按键分别注册6个中断，中断号         处理函数             双边沿触发*/
        err = request_irq(button_irqs[i].irq, buttons_interrupt, IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_BOTH,
                          button_irqs[i].name, (void *)&button_irqs[i]);
        if (err)
            break;

}

    /*出错处理，把之前分配的中断释放掉*/
    if (err) {
        i--;
        for (; i >= 0; i--) {
            if (button_irqs[i].irq < 0) {
                continue;
            }
            disable_irq(button_irqs[i].irq);
            free_irq(button_irqs[i].irq, (void *)&button_irqs[i]);
        }
        return -EBUSY;
    }

    ev_press = 1;

    return 0;
}


static int s3c64xx_buttons_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(button_irqs)/sizeof(button_irqs[0]); i++) {
        if (button_irqs[i].irq < 0) {
            continue;
        }
        free_irq(button_irqs[i].irq, (void *)&button_irqs[i]);
    }

    return 0;
}

static int s3c64xx_buttons_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buff, size_t count, loff_t *offp)
{
    unsigned long err;
    /*如果ev_press为0，表明按键没有按下。为1表明按键按下*/
    if (!ev_press) {
        if (filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) //如果filp->f_flags == O_NONBLOCK,不阻塞，否则阻塞
            return -EAGAIN;
        else
            wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);  //阻塞，当ev_press为真时。立即返回；否则阻塞，并挂在button_waitq>参数所指定的等待队列上
    }

    ev_press = 0;

    err = copy_to_user((void *)buff, (const void *)(&key_values), min(sizeof(key_values), count));

    return err ? -EFAULT : min(sizeof(key_values), count);
}

static unsigned int s3c64xx_buttons_poll( struct file *file, struct poll_table_struct *wait)
{
    unsigned int mask = 0;
    poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait);  //使用poll_wait()将等待队列添加到poll_table中
    if (ev_press)
        mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;       //可读掩码
    return mask;                           //返回掩码
}

/*定义混杂设备操作*/
static struct file_operations dev_fops = {
    .owner   =   THIS_MODULE,
    .open    =   s3c64xx_buttons_open,
    .release =   s3c64xx_buttons_close,
    .read    =   s3c64xx_buttons_read,
    .poll    =   s3c64xx_buttons_poll,
};

/*定义混杂设备*/
static struct miscdevice misc = {
        .minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR, //动态获取混杂设备的次设备号
        .name = DEVICE_NAME,         //混杂设备名称
        .fops = &dev_fops,           //混杂设备支持的操作
};

/*定义模块加载函数*/
static int __init dev_init(void)
{
        int ret;

        ret = misc_register(&misc);  //注册混杂设备misc

        printk (DEVICE_NAME"\tinitialized\n");

        return ret;
}

/*定义模块卸载函数*/
static void __exit dev_exit(void)
{
        misc_deregister(&misc);    //释放混杂设备
}

module_init(dev_init);
module_exit(dev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("yinjiabin");

2、测试程序appbutton.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <errno.h>

int main(void)
{
     int buttons_fd;
     char buttons[6] = {'0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0'};

     buttons_fd = open("/dev/my_buttons", 0);
     if(buttons_fd < 0){
         perror("open device buttons");
         exit(1);
     }

     printf("open /dev/my_buttons\n please puton one key\n");

     for(;;){
         char current_buttons[6];
         int count_of_changed_key;
         int i;
         if(read(buttons_fd, current_buttons, sizeof current_buttons) != sizeof current_buttons){
             perror("read buttons:");
             exit(1);
         }

         for(i = 0, count_of_changed_key = 0; i < sizeof buttons / sizeof buttons[0]; i++){
             if(buttons[i] != current_buttons[i]){
                 buttons[i] = current_buttons[i];
                 printf("%s key%d is %s", count_of_changed_key ? "," : "" ,   i+1,  buttons[i] == '0' ?  "up" : "down" );
                 count_of_changed_key++;
             }
         }

         if(count_of_changed_key){
             printf("\n");
         }
     }

     close(buttons_fd);
     return 0;

}