Linux系统节拍定时器（system tick timer）

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-27 15:16:20 发布

yj4231

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-27 15:16:20 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yj4231/article/details/8464307

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内核版本2.6.30

CPU：S3C2440

本文主要说明节拍定时器是如何添加到内核中的，不对定时器实现进行说明。

ARM 平台的节拍定时器对象使用sys_timer来表示，该结构体位于arch/arm/include/asm/mach/time.h。

/*
 * This is our kernel timer structure.
 *
 * - init
 *   Initialise the kernels jiffy timer source, claim interrupt
 *   using setup_irq.  This is called early on during initialisation
 *   while interrupts are still disabled on the local CPU.
 * - suspend
 *   Suspend the kernel jiffy timer source, if necessary.  This
 *   is called with interrupts disabled, after all normal devices
 *   have been suspended.  If no action is required, set this to
 *   NULL.
 * - resume
 *   Resume the kernel jiffy timer source, if necessary.  This
 *   is called with interrupts disabled before any normal devices
 *   are resumed.  If no action is required, set this to NULL.
 * - offset
 *   Return the timer offset in microseconds since the last timer
 *   interrupt.  Note: this must take account of any unprocessed
 *   timer interrupt which may be pending.
 */
struct sys_timer {
	struct sys_device	dev;
	void			(*init)(void);
	void			(*suspend)(void);
	void			(*resume)(void);
#ifndef CONFIG_GENERIC_TIME
	unsigned long		(*offset)(void);
#endif
};

S3C2440的sys_timer的定义在linux/arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/time.c中，给出的三个方法也在该文件中定义。

struct sys_timer s3c24xx_timer = {
    .init        = s3c2410_timer_init,
    .offset        = s3c2410_gettimeoffset,
    .resume        = s3c2410_timer_setup
};

如何将该定时器告知内核呢？

在linux/arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c的最后使用了宏

MACHINE_START(S3C2440, "SMDK2440")
	/* Maintainer: Ben Dooks <ben@fluff.org> */
	.phys_io	= S3C2410_PA_UART,
	.io_pg_offst	= (((u32)S3C24XX_VA_UART) >> 18) & 0xfffc,
	.boot_params	= S3C2410_SDRAM_PA + 0x100,

	.init_irq	= s3c24xx_init_irq,
	.map_io		= smdk2440_map_io,
	.init_machine	= smdk2440_machine_init,
	.timer		= &s3c24xx_timer,
MACHINE_END

该宏用于初始化结构体struct machine_desc，结构体成员如下：

struct machine_desc {
	/*
	 * Note! The first four elements are used
	 * by assembler code in head.S, head-common.S
	 */
	unsigned int		nr;		/* architecture number	*/
	unsigned int		phys_io;	/* start of physical io	*/
	unsigned int		io_pg_offst;	/* byte offset for io 
						 * page tabe entry	*/

	const char		*name;		/* architecture name	*/
	unsigned long		boot_params;	/* tagged list		*/

	unsigned int		video_start;	/* start of video RAM	*/
	unsigned int		video_end;	/* end of video RAM	*/

	unsigned int		reserve_lp0 :1;	/* never has lp0	*/
	unsigned int		reserve_lp1 :1;	/* never has lp1	*/
	unsigned int		reserve_lp2 :1;	/* never has lp2	*/
	unsigned int		soft_reboot :1;	/* soft reboot		*/
	void			(*fixup)(struct machine_desc *,
					 struct tag *, char **,
					 struct meminfo *);
	void			(*map_io)(void);/* IO mapping function	*/
	void			(*init_irq)(void);
	struct sys_timer	*timer;		/* system tick timer	*/
	void			(*init_machine)(void);
};

在这里我们看到了timer指针。通过该宏将timer指针指向了s3c24xx_timer。

接着，再看linux/arch/arm/kernel/setup.c中的setup_arch函数，该函数中执行了下面这话：

system_timer = mdesc->timer;

mdesc->timer即为上面宏所给出的s3c24xx_timer，而system_timer为全局变量。通过该全局变量就可使用节拍定时器。

最后，我们看下节拍定时器的init方法何时被调用，调用顺序如下：

start_kernel ()--> time_init() --> system_timer->init()

time_init -函数位于linux/arch/arm/kernel/time.c。