STM32学习笔记-GPIO函数

STM32F429使用HAL开发时，对GPIO进行初始化，会使用函数:

void HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIO_TypeDef  *GPIOx, GPIO_InitTypeDef *GPIO_Init);

1、复用功能源码解析：（ 以  USART1 为例 ）

        1）USART1 占用端口PA9及PA10，需要先配置GPIO，代码如下：

void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
    //GPIO端口设置
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_Initure;
	
	if(huart->Instance==USART1)//如果是串口1，进行串口1 MSP初始化
	{
		__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();			//使能GPIOA时钟
		__HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE();			//使能USART1时钟
	
		GPIO_Initure.Pin=GPIO_PIN_9;			//PA9
		GPIO_Initure.Mode=GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;		//复用推挽输出
		GPIO_Initure.Pull=GPIO_PULLUP;			//上拉
		GPIO_Initure.Speed=GPIO_SPEED_FAST;		//高速
		GPIO_Initure.Alternate=GPIO_AF7_USART1;	//复用为USART1

		HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_Initure);	   	//初始化PA9

		GPIO_Initure.Pin=GPIO_PIN_10;			//PA10
		HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_Initure);	   	//初始化PA10
		
#if EN_USART1_RX
		HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);				//使能USART1中断通道
		HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART1_IRQn,3,3);			//抢占优先级3，子优先级3
#endif	
	}

}

        2） 进入  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_Initure);  代码如下

void HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIO_TypeDef  *GPIOx, GPIO_InitTypeDef *GPIO_Init)
{
  uint32_t position;        //位置
  uint32_t ioposition = 0x00;    //
  uint32_t iocurrent = 0x00;
  uint32_t temp = 0x00;

  /* Check the parameters     检查是否规范  */
  assert_param(IS_GPIO_ALL_INSTANCE(GPIOx));
  assert_param(IS_GPIO_PIN(GPIO_Init->Pin));
  assert_param(IS_GPIO_MODE(GPIO_Init->Mode));
  assert_param(IS_GPIO_PULL(GPIO_Init->Pull));

  /* Configure the port pins   配置引脚  */
  //GPIO_NUMBER=16 ,这里表示循环16次，查看配置的哪个引脚
  for(position = 0; position < GPIO_NUMBER; position++)    
  {
    /* Get the IO position    获取位置  */
    ioposition = ((uint32_t)0x01) << position;
    /* Get the current IO position */
    iocurrent = (uint32_t)(GPIO_Init->Pin) & ioposition;

    //以上两段的意思是将1左移position位，
    //当ioposition与GPIO_Init->Pin相同时,iocurrent == ioposition == GPIO_Init->Pin
    //即为需要设定的引脚
    if(iocurrent == ioposition)
    {
      /*--------------------- GPIO Mode Configuration ------------------------*/
      /* In case of Alternate function mode selection */
      if((GPIO_Init->Mode == GPIO_MODE_AF_PP) || (GPIO_Init->Mode == GPIO_MODE_AF_OD))
      {
        /* Check the Alternate function parameter */
        assert_param(IS_GPIO_AF(GPIO_Init->Alternate));    
        /* Configure Alternate function mapped with the current IO */
        temp = GPIOx->AFR[position >> 3];
            //当position>7时 表示GPIOx->AFR[1],读"GPIO复用功能寄存器(high)GPIOx_AFRH" 
            //当position<8时 表示GPIOx->AFR[0],读"GPIO复用功能寄存器(high)GPIOx_AFRL"                       
        temp &= ~((uint32_t)0xF << ((uint32_t)(position & (uint32_t)0x07) * 4)) ;
            //将第position个AF值清除
        temp |= ((uint32_t)(GPIO_Init->Alternate) << (((uint32_t)position & (uint32_t)0x07) * 4));
            //修改第position个AF值
        GPIOx->AFR[position >> 3] = temp;
      }