java8新特性-时间

相对于java8之前的版本最大的亮点在于线程安全，java8时间的时间api为线程非安全，而且在java8中

   对于时间的操作更加简单，实用

 LocalDate、LocalTime、LocalDateTime

@Test
	public void test01(){
		LocalDate date=LocalDate.now();
		System.out.println(date);//2018-05-20
		LocalDateTime dtime=LocalDateTime.now();
		System.out.println(dtime);//2018-05-20T22:46:54.300
		System.out.println(dtime.getYear());//2018
		System.out.println(date.getMonthValue());//5
		System.out.println(date.getDayOfYear());//140
		System.out.println(date.getDayOfWeek());//SUNDAY
		System.out.println("============");
		LocalDateTime of = LocalDateTime.of(2017, 12, 22,12, 52);
		System.out.println(of);//2017-12-22T12:52
		System.out.println(of.minusDays(2));//2017-12-20T12:52
		System.out.println(of.plusDays(2));//2017-12-24T12:52
	}

 Instant : 时间戳。 （使用 Unix 元年  1970年1月1日 00:00:00 所经历的毫秒值）

@Test
	public void test02(){
		Instant now = Instant.now();
		System.out.println(now);//UTC 时区2018-05-20T22:22:36.981Z  实际上本机的时间是2018/05/21 06：23
		OffsetDateTime atOffset = now.atOffset(ZoneOffset.ofHours(8));
		System.out.println(atOffset);//2018-05-21T06:25:32.204+08:00
		long epochSecond = now.getEpochSecond();
		System.out.println(epochSecond);//1526855193
		Instant ofEpochSecond = Instant.ofEpochSecond(2);
		System.out.println(ofEpochSecond);//1970-01-01T00:00:02Z
	}

Duration : 用于计算两个“时间”间隔  Period : 用于计算两个“日期”间隔

	@Test
	public void test03(){
		Instant now = Instant.now();
		try {
			Thread.sleep(3000);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		Instant now2 = Instant.now();
		System.out.println(Duration.between(now, now2).toMillis());//3001
		System.out.println(Duration.between(now, now2).getSeconds());//3
		LocalDate now3 = LocalDate.now();
		LocalDate of = LocalDate.of(2017, 8, 22);
		int years = Period.between(of, now3).getYears();
		int months = Period.between(of, now3).getMonths();
		int days = Period.between(of, now3).getDays();
		System.out.println("相差"+years+"年;"+months+"月;"+days+"天");//相差0年;8月;29天
	}

TemporalAdjuster : 时间校正器;TemporalAdjusters 静态工具类

       @Test	
	public void test04(){
		LocalDateTime l=LocalDateTime.now();
		System.out.println(l);//2018-05-21T06:50:56.466
		LocalDateTime withHour = l.withDayOfMonth(2);
		System.out.println(withHour);//2018-05-02T06:50:56.466
		LocalDateTime plusDays = l.plusDays(3);
		System.out.println(plusDays);//2018-05-24T06:51:57.069
		LocalDateTime with = l.with(TemporalAdjusters.firstDayOfMonth());
		System.out.println(with);//2018-05-01T06:52:41.704
		LocalDateTime with2 = l.with(TemporalAdjusters.next(DayOfWeek.SUNDAY));
		System.out.println(with2);//2018-05-27T06:53:37.178
		//自定义工作日时间
		LocalDateTime with3 = l.with((e)->{
			LocalDateTime L2=(LocalDateTime) e;
			DayOfWeek dayOfWeek = L2.getDayOfWeek();
			if(dayOfWeek.equals(DayOfWeek.FRIDAY)){
				return L2.plusDays(3);
			}else if(dayOfWeek.equals(DayOfWeek.SATURDAY)){
				return L2.plusDays(2);
			}else{
				return L2.plusDays(1);
			}
		});
		System.out.println(with3);//2018-05-22T06:57:06.338
	}

DateTimeFormatter : 解析和格式化日期或时间

@Test
	public void test05(){
		DateTimeFormatter isoDate = DateTimeFormatter.ISO_WEEK_DATE;
		LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();
		String format = now.format(isoDate);
		System.out.println(format);//2018-W21-2
		DateTimeFormatter ofPattern = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy年-MM月-dd日");
		LocalDateTime plusDays = now.plusDays(5);
		String format2 = plusDays.format(ofPattern);
		System.out.println(format2);//2018年-05日-27日
		
	}

ZonedDate、ZonedTime、ZonedDateTime ： 带时区的时间或日期

@Test
	public void test06(){
		ZonedDateTime now = ZonedDateTime.now();
		System.out.println(now);//2018-05-22T07:10:00.663+08:00[GMT+08:00]  08指的是和UTC的时差
		Set<String> set = ZoneId.getAvailableZoneIds();
		set.forEach(System.out::println);
		/**
		 * Pacific/Guadalcanal
			Europe/Athens
			US/Pacific
			Europe/Monaco。。。。。所有的时区
		 */
		LocalDateTime ldt = LocalDateTime.now(ZoneId.of("US/Pacific"));
		System.out.println(ldt);//2018-05-21T16:24:31.443
		ZonedDateTime atZone = ldt.atZone(ZoneId.of("US/Pacific"));
		System.out.println(atZone);//2018-05-21T16:24:31.443-07:00[US/Pacific]  带时区的时间
		LocalDateTime localDateTime = atZone.toLocalDateTime();
		System.out.println(localDateTime);//2018-05-21T16:24:31.443
	}

================传统时间格式话线程安全问题==================

SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd");
		Callable<Date> task = new Callable<Date>() {
			@Override
			public Date call() throws Exception {
				return sdf.parse("20161121");
			}
			
		};
		ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
		List<Future<Date>> results = new ArrayList<>();
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
			results.add(pool.submit(task));
		}
		for (Future<Date> future : results) {
			System.out.println(future.get());
		}
		pool.shutdown();

下面是运行结果

利用ThreadLocal解决多线程安全问题

新建类 DateFormatThreadLocal

public class DateFormatThreadLocal {
	
	private static final ThreadLocal<DateFormat> df = new ThreadLocal<DateFormat>(){
		protected DateFormat initialValue(){
			return new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd");
		}
		
	};
	
	public static final Date convert(String source) throws ParseException{
		return df.get().parse(source);
	}

}

Callable<Date> task = new Callable<Date>() {
			@Override
			public Date call() throws Exception {
				return DateFormatThreadLocal.convert("20161121");
			}
			
		};
		ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
		List<Future<Date>> results = new ArrayList<>();
		
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
			results.add(pool.submit(task));
		}
		for (Future<Date> future : results) {
			System.out.println(future.get());
		}
		pool.shutdown();

运行结果:

localDate 实现

		
		DateTimeFormatter dtf = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyyMMdd");
		Callable<LocalDate> task = new Callable<LocalDate>() {

			@Override
			public LocalDate call() throws Exception {
				LocalDate ld = LocalDate.parse("20161121", dtf);
				return ld;
			}
		};
		ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
		List<Future<LocalDate>> results = new ArrayList<>();
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
			results.add(pool.submit(task));
		}
		
		for (Future<LocalDate> future : results) {
			System.out.println(future.get());
		}
		pool.shutdown();

运行结果: