384、Java中级39 -【Spring Boot - Restful】 2020.09.25

1、 Restful 风格是什么

大家在做Web开发的过程中，method常用的值是get和post. 可事实上，method值还可以是put和delete等等其他值。
既然method值如此丰富，那么就可以考虑使用同一个url，但是约定不同的method来实施不同的业务，这就是Restful的基本考虑。
CRUD是最常见的操作，在使用Restful 风格之前，通常的增加做法是这样的：

/addCategory?name=xxx

可是使用了Restful风格之后，增加就变成了：

/categories

CRUD如下表所示，URL就都使用一样的 “/categories”，区别只是在于method不同，服务器根据method的不同来判断浏览器期望做的业务行为

2、listCategory.jsp

listCategory.jsp 做了如下修改

1. 增加
   1.1 action修改为"categories"

2. 删除
   2.1 url修改为categories/id
   2.2 点击超链后，会使用form提交，并且提交_method的值为delete,以达到和增加类似的效果

$(function(){                     
    	   $(".delete").click(function(){
    		   var href=$(this).attr("href");
    		   $("#formdelete").attr("action",href).submit();
    		   return false;
    	   })
       }) 

3. 获取
   3.1 url修改为了/categories/id

4. 在最开始增加了jquery.min.js的引入

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
   
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
 
    <script type="text/javascript">
       /*将post method 改变为delete*/
      $(function(){                    
           $(".delete").click(function(){
               var href=$(this).attr("href");
               $("#formdelete").attr("action",href).submit();
               return false;
           })
       })
   </script>  
    
<div align="center">
 
</div>
 
<div style="width:500px;margin:20px auto;text-align: center">
    <table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'>
        <tr>
            <td>id</td>
            <td>name</td>
            <td>编辑</td>
            <td>删除</td>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach items="${page.content}" var="c" varStatus="st">
            <tr>
                <td>${c.id}</td>
                <td>${c.name}</td>
                <td><a href="categories/${c.id}">编辑</a></td>
                <td><a class="delete" href="categories/${c.id}">删除</a></td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
         
    </table>
    <br>
    <div>
                <a href="?start=0">[首  页]</a>
            <a href="?start=${page.number-1}">[上一页]</a>
            <a href="?start=${page.number+1}">[下一页]</a>
            <a href="?start=${page.totalPages-1}">[末  页]</a>
    </div>
    <br>
    <form action="categories" method="post">
    name: <input name="name"> <br>
    <button type="submit">提交</button>
     
    </form>
     
    <form id="formdelete" action="" method="POST" >
       <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE">
   </form>
</div>

3、editCategory.jsp

action修改为了 categories/id
注意：form 下增加 filed, 虽然这个form的method是post, 但是springmvc看到这个_method的值是put后，会把其修改为put.

<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT">

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
 
<div style="margin:0px auto; width:500px">
 
<form action="../categories/${c.id}" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT">
name: <input name="name" value="${c.name}"> <br>
<button type="submit">提交</button>
 
</form>
</div>

4、CategoryController

CRUD的RequestMapping都修改为了/categories,以前用的注解叫做@RequestMapper,现在分别叫做 GetMapper, PutMapper, PostMapper 和 DeleteMapper 用于表示接受对应的Method

package com.how2java.springboot.web;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
 
import com.how2java.springboot.dao.CategoryDAO;
import com.how2java.springboot.pojo.Category;
  
@Controller
public class CategoryController {
    @Autowired CategoryDAO categoryDAO;
     
    @GetMapping("/categories")
    public String listCategory(Model m,@RequestParam(value = "start", defaultValue = "0") int start,@RequestParam(value = "size", defaultValue = "5") int size) throws Exception {
        start = start<0?0:start;
        Sort sort = new Sort(Sort.Direction.DESC, "id");
        Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(start, size, sort);
        Page<Category> page =categoryDAO.findAll(pageable);
        m.addAttribute("page", page);
        return "listCategory";
    }
 
    @PostMapping("/categories")
    public String addCategory(Category c) throws Exception {
        categoryDAO.save(c);
        return "redirect:/categories";
    }
    @DeleteMapping("/categories/{id}")
    public String deleteCategory(Category c) throws Exception {
        categoryDAO.delete(c);
        return "redirect:/categories";
    }
    @PutMapping("/categories/{id}")
    public String updateCategory(Category c) throws Exception {
        categoryDAO.save(c);
        return "redirect:/categories";
    }
    @GetMapping("/categories/{id}")
    public String getCategory(@PathVariable("id") int id,Model m) throws Exception {
        Category c= categoryDAO.getOne(id);
        m.addAttribute("c", c);
        return "editCategory";
    }
}

5、参考链接

[01] How2j - Spring Boot - Restful