403、Java框架57 -【Hibernate - 关系】 2020.11.04

youyouwuxin1234

于 2020-11-04 23:55:09 发布

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分类专栏： Hibernate Java Java框架文章标签： java hibernate

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/youyouwuxin1234/article/details/109502004

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0、目录

1、多对一注解

把多对一改成用注解来实现

把Category的id和name字段改为支持注解
注：分类的getName上并没有加上@Column(name=“name”)，也可以达到映射的效果。因为getName方法默认会被认为是字段映射。除非加上了@Transient 才表示不进行映射
把Product的getCategory进行多对一映射

 @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="cid") 
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }

@ManyToOne 表示多对一关系
@JoinColumn(name=“cid”) 表示关系字段是cid
对比xml中的映射方式：

<many-to-one name="category" class="Category" column="cid" />

为hibernate.cfg.xml 添加Category的映射

<mapping class="com.how2java.pojo.Category" />

运行TestHibernate

Category.java

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
import javax.persistence.Column;
 
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
 
@Entity
@Table(name = "category_")
public class Category {
    int id;
    String name;
     
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "id")
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
     
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
}

Product.java

package com.how2java.pojo;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
  
@Entity
@Table(name = "product_")
public class Product {
    int id;
    String name;
    float price;
     
    Category category;
 
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "id")  
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    @Column(name = "name")
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    @Column(name = "price")
    public float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public void setPrice(float price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
 
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="cid")
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
}

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
       "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
   
<hibernate-configuration>
   
    <session-factory>
        <!-- Database connection settings -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=UTF-8</property>
        <property name="connection.characterEncoding">utf-8</property>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">admin</property>
        <!-- SQL dialect -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<!--    <mapping resource="com/how2java/pojo/Product.hbm.xml" /> -->
        <mapping class="com.how2java.pojo.Product" />
        <mapping class="com.how2java.pojo.Category" />
  
    </session-factory>
   
</hibernate-configuration>

2、一对多注解

在上一步的基础上做如下改动

为Category再加product集合，并提供getter和setter

Set<Product> products;
    public Set<Product> getProducts() {
        return products;
    }
    public void setProducts(Set<Product> products) {
        this.products = products;
    }

给getProducts方法加上一对多注解

 @OneToMany(fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinColumn(name="cid") 
    public Set<Product> getProducts() {
        return products;
    }

@OneToMany 表示一对多,fetch=FetchType.EAGER 表示不进行延迟加载(FetchType.LAZY表示要进行延迟加载)
@JoinColumn(name=“cid”) 表示映射字段
对比xml中的映射方式：

  <set name="products" lazy="false">
            <key column="cid" not-null="false" />
            <one-to-many class="Product" />
        </set>

修改TestHibernate为

    SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
        Session s = sf.openSession();
        s.beginTransaction();
        Category c = (Category) s.get(Category.class, 1);
        s.getTransaction().commit();
        s.close();
        sf.close();
        Set<Product> ps = c.getProducts();
        for (Product p : ps) {
            System.out.println(p.getName());
        }

Category.java

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
import java.util.Set;
 
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
 
@Entity
@Table(name = "category_")
public class Category {
    int id;
    String name;
    Set<Product> products;
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "id")
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
     
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
     
    @OneToMany(fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinColumn(name="cid")
    public Set<Product> getProducts() {
        return products;
    }
    public void setProducts(Set<Product> products) {
        this.products = products;
    }
}

TestHibernate.java

package com.how2java.test;
   
import java.util.Set;
 
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
 
import com.how2java.pojo.Category;
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
  
public class TestHibernate {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
        Session s = sf.openSession();
        s.beginTransaction();
        Category c = (Category) s.get(Category.class, 1);
        s.getTransaction().commit();
        s.close();
        sf.close();
        Set<Product> ps = c.getProducts();
        for (Product p : ps) {
            System.out.println(p.getName());
        }
    }
}

3、多对多注解

在基于XML配置的多对多知识点的基础上进行多对多注解的修改

2.像上两步那样，为Product,User,Category 加上类和属性注解

加上多对一注解ManyToOne
加上一对多注解OneToMany
ManyToMany
为Product的getUsers加上

 @ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL,fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinTable(
            name="user_product",
            joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="pid"),
            inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="uid")
    )    
    public Set<User> getUsers() {
        return users;
    }

对比Product.hbm.xml中的配置：

<set name="users" table="user_product" lazy="false">
            <key column="pid" />
            <many-to-many column="uid" class="User" />
        </set>

为User的getProducts加上

  @ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL,fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinTable(
            name="user_product",
            joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="uid"),
            inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="pid")
    )    
    public Set<Product> getProducts() {
        return products;
    }

对比User.hbm.xml中的配置

  <set name="products" table="user_product" lazy="false">
            <key column="uid" />
            <many-to-many column="pid" class="Product" />
        </set>

hibernate.cfg.xml

  <mapping class="com.how2java.pojo.Product" />
        <mapping class="com.how2java.pojo.Category" />
        <mapping class="com.how2java.pojo.User" />

运行TestHibernate

User.java

package com.how2java.pojo;
  
import java.util.Set;
 
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
  
@Entity
@Table(name="user_")
public class User {
  
    int id;
    String name;
    Set<Product> products;
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    @ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL,fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinTable(
            name="user_product",
            joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="uid"),
            inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="pid")
    )   
    public Set<Product> getProducts() {
        return products;
    }
    public void setProducts(Set<Product> products) {
        this.products = products;
    }
}

Product.java

package com.how2java.pojo;
  
import java.util.Set;
 
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
  
@Entity
@Table(name="product_")
public class Product {
    int id;
    String name;
    float price;
    Category category;
    Set<User> users;
  
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
     
    @ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL,fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinTable(
            name="user_product",
            joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="pid"),
            inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="uid")
    )   
    public Set<User> getUsers() {
        return users;
    }
    public void setUsers(Set<User> users) {
        this.users = users;
    }
     
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="cid")    
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
     
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public void setPrice(float price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
      
}

Category.java

package com.how2java.pojo;
  
import java.util.Set;
 
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
  
@Entity
@Table(name="category_")
public class Category {
    int id;
    String name;
    Set<Product> products;
     
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    @OneToMany(fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinColumn(name="cid")    
    public Set<Product> getProducts() {
        return products;
    }
    public void setProducts(Set<Product> products) {
        this.products = products;
    }
}

TestHibernate.java

package com.how2java.test;
   
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
  
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
  
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
import com.how2java.pojo.User;
   
public class TestHibernate {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
   
        Session s = sf.openSession();
        s.beginTransaction();
          
//        //增加3个用户
        Set<User> users = new HashSet();
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            User u =new User();
            u.setName("user"+i);
            users.add(u);
            s.save(u);
        }
          
        //产品1被用户1,2,3购买
        Product p1 = (Product) s.get(Product.class, 1);
 
        p1.setUsers(users);
        s.getTransaction().commit();
        s.close();
        sf.close();
    }
}

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
       "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
  
<hibernate-configuration>
  
    <session-factory>
        <!-- Database connection settings -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=UTF-8</property>
        <property name="connection.characterEncoding">utf-8</property>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">admin</property>
        <!-- SQL dialect -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
 
        <mapping class="com.how2java.pojo.Product" />
        <mapping class="com.how2java.pojo.Category" />
        <mapping class="com.how2java.pojo.User" />
 
    </session-factory>
  
</hibernate-configuration>