plist文件的读写

最新推荐文章于 2020-05-29 14:13:17 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2020-05-29 14:13:17 发布

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分类专栏： project:IOS

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在做iOS开发时，经常用到到plist文件，那plist文件是什么呢？它全名是： Property List，属性列表文件，它是一种用来存储串行化后的对象的文件。属性列表文件的扩展名为 .plist ，因此通常被称为 plist文件。文件是xml格式的。

Plist文件通常用于储存用户设置，也可以用于存储捆绑的信息

我们创建一个项目来学习plist文件的读写。

1、创建项目Plistdemo

项目创建之后可以找到项目对应的plist文件，打开如下图所示：

在编辑器中显示类似与表格的形式，可以在plist上右键，用源码方式打开，就能看到plist文件的xml格式了。

2、创建plist文件。

按command +N快捷键创建，或者File —> New —> New File，选择Mac OS X下的Property List

创建plist文件名为plistdemo。

打开plistdemo文件，在空白出右键,右键选择Add row 添加数据,添加成功一条数据后，在这条数据上右键看到 value Type选择Dictionary。点加号添加这个Dictionary下的数据

添加完key之后在后面添加Value的值，添加手机号和年龄

创建完成之后用source code查看到plist文件是这样的：

[cpp] view plain copy print ?

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>jack</key>
<dict>
<key>phone_num</key>
<string>13801111111</string>
<key>age</key>
<string>22</string>
</dict>
<key>tom</key>
<dict>
<key>phone_num</key>
<string>13901111111</string>
<key>age</key>
<string>36</string>
</dict>
</dict>
</plist>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
	<key>jack</key>
	<dict>
		<key>phone_num</key>
		<string>13801111111</string>
		<key>age</key>
		<string>22</string>
	</dict>
	<key>tom</key>
	<dict>
		<key>phone_num</key>
		<string>13901111111</string>
		<key>age</key>
		<string>36</string>
	</dict>
</dict>
</plist>

3、读取plist文件的数据

现在文件创建成功了，如何读取呢，实现代码如下：

[cpp] view plain copy print ?

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
//读取plist
NSString *plistPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"plistdemo" ofType:@"plist"];
NSMutableDictionary *data = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:plistPath];
NSLog(@"%@", data);//直接打印数据。
}

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    //读取plist

    NSString *plistPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"plistdemo" ofType:@"plist"];
    NSMutableDictionary *data = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:plistPath];
    NSLog(@"%@", data);//直接打印数据。
}

打印出来的结果：

[cpp] view plain copy print ?

PlistDemo[6822:f803] {
jack = {
age = 22;
"phone_num" = 13801111111;
};
tom = {
age = 36;
"phone_num" = 13901111111;
};
}

PlistDemo[6822:f803] {
    jack =     {
        age = 22;
        "phone_num" = 13801111111;
    };
    tom =     {
        age = 36;
        "phone_num" = 13901111111;
    };
}

这样就把数据读取出来了。

4、创建和写入plist文件

在开发过程中，有时候需要把程序的一些配置保存下来，或者游戏数据等等。这时候需要写入Plist数据。

写入的plist文件会生成在对应程序的沙盒目录里。

接着上面读取plist数据的代码，加入了写入数据的代码，

[cpp] view plain copy print ?

<strong>- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
//读取plist
NSString *plistPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"plistdemo" ofType:@"plist"];
NSMutableDictionary *data = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:plistPath];
NSLog(@"%@", data);
//添加一项内容
[data setObject:@"add some content" forKey:@"c_key"];
//获取应用程序沙盒的Documents目录
NSArray *paths=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,NSUserDomainMask,YES);
NSString *plistPath1 = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
//得到完整的文件名
NSString *filename=[plistPath1 stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test.plist"];
//输入写入
[data writeToFile:filename atomically:YES];
//那怎么证明我的数据写入了呢？读出来看看
NSMutableDictionary *data1 = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:filename];
NSLog(@"%@", data1);
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
}
</strong>

<strong>- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    //读取plist

    NSString *plistPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"plistdemo" ofType:@"plist"];
    NSMutableDictionary *data = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:plistPath];
    NSLog(@"%@", data);
    
    //添加一项内容
    [data setObject:@"add some content" forKey:@"c_key"];
    
    //获取应用程序沙盒的Documents目录
    NSArray *paths=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,NSUserDomainMask,YES);
    NSString *plistPath1 = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
    
    //得到完整的文件名
    NSString *filename=[plistPath1 stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test.plist"];
   //输入写入
    [data writeToFile:filename atomically:YES];
    
    //那怎么证明我的数据写入了呢？读出来看看
    NSMutableDictionary *data1 = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:filename];
    NSLog(@"%@", data1);
    
    
	// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
}
</strong>

在获取到自己手工创建的plistdemo.plist数据后，在这些数据后面加了一项内容，证明输入写入了。

怎么证明添加的内容写入了呢？下面是打印结果：

plist文件读写实例

在cocos2d-x中，对于plist文件，既可以读取，也可以进行写入的操作；下面先来看一个plist文件：

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"/>
 3 
 4 <plist version="1.0">
 5     <dict>
 6         <key>string element key</key>
 7         <string>string element value</string>
 8         <key>array</key>
 9         <array>
10             <dict>
11                 <key>string in dictInArray key 0</key>
12                 <string>string in dictInArray value 0</string>
13                 <key>string in dictInArray key 1</key>
14                 <string>string in dictInArray value 1</string>
15             </dict>
16             <string>string in array</string>
17             <array>
18                 <string>string 0 in arrayInArray</string>
19                 <string>string 1 in arrayInArray</string>
20             </array>
21         </array>
22         <key>dictInDict, Hello World</key>
23         <dict>
24             <key>string in dictInDict key</key>
25             <string>string in dictInDict value</string>
26             <key>bool</key>
27             <true/>
28             <key>integer</key>
29             <integer>1024</integer>
30             <key>float</key>
31             <real>1024.1024170</real>
32             <key>double</key>
33             <real>1024.1230000000000000</real>
34         </dict>
35     </dict>
36 </plist>

View Code

先不看上面的plist文件到底有些什么内容；实际上它是由下一段代码生成的。

 1 auto root = Dictionary::create();
 2     auto string = String::create("string element value");
 3     root->setObject(string, "string element key"); // 添加一个键值对
 4     
 5     auto array = Array::create();  // 创建一个array
 6     
 7     auto dictInArray = Dictionary::create();
 8     dictInArray->setObject(String::create("string in dictInArray value 0"), "string in dictInArray key 0");
 9     dictInArray->setObject(String::create("string in dictInArray value 1"), "string in dictInArray key 1");
10     array->addObject(dictInArray); // 往数组中添加一个键值对
11     
12     array->addObject(String::create("string in array")); // 往数组中添加一个字符串
13     
14     auto arrayInArray = Array::create();
15     arrayInArray->addObject(String::create("string 0 in arrayInArray"));
16     arrayInArray->addObject(String::create("string 1 in arrayInArray"));
17     array->addObject(arrayInArray); // 往数组中添加一个数组
18     
19     root->setObject(array, "array");
20     
21     auto dictInDict = Dictionary::create();
22     dictInDict->setObject(String::create("string in dictInDict value"), "string in dictInDict key");
23    
24     //add boolean to the plist
25     auto booleanObject = Bool::create(true);
26     dictInDict->setObject(booleanObject, "bool");
27     
28     //add interger to the plist
29     auto intObject = Integer::create(1024);
30     dictInDict->setObject(intObject, "integer");
31     
32     //add float to the plist
33     auto floatObject = Float::create(1024.1024f);
34     dictInDict->setObject(floatObject, "float");
35     
36     //add double to the plist
37     auto doubleObject = Double::create(1024.123);
38     dictInDict->setObject(doubleObject, "double");
39     
40     root->setObject(dictInDict, "dictInDict, Hello World");
41 // end with /
42     std::string writablePath = FileUtils::getInstance()->getWritablePath();
43     std::string fullPath = writablePath + "text.plist";
44     if(root->writeToFile(fullPath.c_str()))
45         log("see the plist file at %s", fullPath.c_str());
46     else
47         log("write plist file failed");
48     
49     // 读取上面创建的内容
50     auto loadDict = __Dictionary::createWithContentsOfFile(fullPath.c_str());
51     auto loadDictInDict = (__Dictionary*)loadDict->objectForKey("dictInDict, Hello World");
52     auto boolValue = (__String*)loadDictInDict->objectForKey("bool");
53     CCLOG("%s",boolValue->getCString());
54     auto floatValue = (__String*)loadDictInDict->objectForKey("float");
55     CCLOG("%s",floatValue->getCString());
56     auto intValue = (__String*)loadDictInDict->objectForKey("integer");
57     CCLOG("%s",intValue->getCString());
58     auto doubleValue = (__String*)loadDictInDict->objectForKey("double");
59     CCLOG("%s",doubleValue->getCString());

View Code

因此可以看出，对符合一定格式的plist文件，可以通过Dictionary进行操作。cocos2dx 3.0 的Dictionary，可以实现对Array，Dictionary，Integer，String，Bool等基础数据类型进行读写。

下面再来看另一种读取方式: 假定plist文件如下;

1 <plist version="1.0">
2 <dict>
3     <key>name</key>
4     <string>Ls</string>
5     <key>isgirl</key>
6     <false/>
7 </dict>
8 </plist>

View Code

读取方式二，这种方法是借助VectorMap来进行读的:

1  FileUtils * fu = FileUtils::getInstance();
2     ValueMap vm = fu->getValueMapFromFile("Info.plist");
3     log("%s", vm["name"].asString().c_str()); // 读取string -->Ls
4     bool bl = vm["isgirl"].asBool(); // 读取bool -->0
5     log("%d", bl);