java8：新时间日期API

joda-time jar包，如果jdk不是8版本也可以用新的日期时间

<groupId>joda-time</groupId>
<artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
<version>2.9.9</version>

一、LocalDate、LocalTime、LocalDateTime

now()： 获取当前时间,当前时区默认
of：获取指定时间

with：指定时间
plus：增加
minus：减少
get：获取

@Test
    public void test01() {

        LocalDateTime ldt = LocalDateTime.now();
        System.out.println(ldt);

        LocalDateTime ldt2 = LocalDateTime.of(2019, 8, 15, 22, 9, 59);
        System.out.println(ldt2);

        LocalDateTime ldt3 = ldt.plusYears(2);
        System.out.println(ldt3);

        LocalDateTime ldt4 = ldt.minusYears(2);
        System.out.println(ldt4);

        System.out.println(ldt.getYear());
        System.out.println(ldt.getDayOfMonth());
        System.out.println(ldt.getDayOfWeek().getValue());
        System.out.println(ldt.getDayOfYear());
        System.out.println(ldt.getHour());
        System.out.println(ldt.getMinute());
        System.out.println(ldt.getMonth());
        System.out.println(ldt.getSecond());
        System.out.println(ldt.getNano());

    }

二、 Instant : 时间戳。 （使用 Unix 元年 1970年1月1日 00:00:00 所经历的毫秒值）

now():获取当前时间，返回默认UTC时区的Instant对象
atOffset：设置时区偏移量

@Test
    public void test02() {
        Instant it = Instant.now();
        System.out.println(it);

        //设置偏移量
        OffsetDateTime time = it.atOffset(ZoneOffset.ofHours(8));
        System.out.println(time);

        //获取精确到秒
        long epochSecond = it.getEpochSecond();
        System.out.println(epochSecond);

        //获取精确到毫秒
        long l = it.toEpochMilli();
        System.out.println(l);

        //获取指定60秒的时间：距离0970 年0 分0秒
        Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochSecond(60);
        System.out.println(instant);
    }

三、计算两个日期之间的间隔

Duration : 用于计算两个“时间”间隔
Period : 用于计算两个“日期”间隔

 @Test
    public void test03() throws InterruptedException {
        Instant it01 = Instant.now();
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        Instant it02 = Instant.now();

        //两个时间的间隔
        Duration between = Duration.between(it01, it02);
        System.out.println(between.toMillis());


        System.out.println("----------------------------");
        LocalDateTime ldt1 = LocalDateTime.now();
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        LocalDateTime ldt2 = LocalDateTime.now();
        System.out.println(Duration.between(ldt1,ldt2).toMillis());

    }
    //计算两个日期之间的间隔
    @Test
    public void test04() {
        LocalDate ld = LocalDate.of(2018, 4, 16);
        LocalDate ld2 = LocalDate.now();

        Period period = Period.between(ld, ld2);

        System.out.println(period);
        System.out.println(period.getYears());
        System.out.println(period.getMonths());
        System.out.println(period.getDays());
    }

四、TemporalAdjuster : 时间校正器

TemporalAdjusters：提供时间矫正器工具

 @Test
    public void test05() {
        //当前时间
        LocalDateTime ldt = LocalDateTime.now();
        System.out.println(ldt);

        //指定这个月的第十天
        LocalDateTime localDateTime = ldt.withDayOfMonth(10);
        System.out.println(localDateTime);

        //指定这一年的第一天
        LocalDateTime with = ldt.with(TemporalAdjusters.firstDayOfYear());
        System.out.println(with);


        //自定义，下一个工作日

        LocalDateTime with1 = ldt.with(e -> {
            LocalDateTime localDateTime1 = (LocalDateTime) e;
            DayOfWeek day = localDateTime1.getDayOfWeek();
            System.out.println(day);
            if (day.equals(DayOfWeek.FRIDAY)) {
                return localDateTime1.plusDays(3);
            } else if (day.equals(DayOfWeek.SATURDAY)) {
                return localDateTime1.plusDays(2);
            } else {
                return localDateTime1.plusDays(1);
            }
        });
        System.out.println(with1);
    }

五、DateTimeFormatter

解析和格式化日期或时间 多种方式调用格式化，LocalDateTime 或者DateTimeFormatter的方法都可以

@Test
    public void test06() {
        DateTimeFormatter dtf = DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE;

        LocalDateTime ldt = LocalDateTime.now();

        System.out.println(ldt);
        //LocalDateTime的方法格式化
        String format = ldt.format(dtf);
        System.out.println(format);

        System.out.println("------------------------");

        DateTimeFormatter dtf2 = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm:ss E");
        //DateTimeFormatter 的格式化方法
        String format1 = dtf2.format(ldt);
        System.out.println(format1);

        LocalDateTime parse = LocalDateTime.parse(format1, dtf2);
        System.out.println(parse);
    }
 /**
     * DateTimeFormatter
     */
    @Test
    public void test03() {
        DateTimeFormatter isoDateTime = DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE_TIME;


        // datetime 适用于 SHORT LONG MEDIUM
        DateTimeFormatter formatter1 = DateTimeFormatter.ofLocalizedDateTime(FormatStyle.LONG);
        // date 适用于 FULL SHORT LONG MEDIUM
        DateTimeFormatter formatter2 = DateTimeFormatter.ofLocalizedDate(FormatStyle.LONG);
        DateTimeFormatter formatter3 = DateTimeFormatter.ofLocalizedTime(FormatStyle.SHORT);


        DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

        //格式化
        String format = formatter.format(LocalDateTime.now());
        System.out.println(format);

        TemporalAccessor parse = formatter.parse(format);
        System.out.println(parse);

        String format1 = formatter1.format(LocalDateTime.now());
        System.out.println(format1);
    }

六 、ZonedDate、ZonedTime、ZonedDateTime ： 带时区的时间或日期

ZoneId

 @Test
    public void test07() {
        //获取所有支持的时区
        Set<String> availableZoneIds = ZoneId.getAvailableZoneIds();
        availableZoneIds.forEach(System.out::println);

        //创建日期的时候指定时区
        LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now(ZoneId.of("US/Pacific"));
        System.out.println(now);


        System.out.println("____________________________");

        LocalDateTime now1 = LocalDateTime.now();
        ZonedDateTime atZone = now1.atZone(ZoneId.of("Europe/Athens"));
        System.out.println(atZone);

        System.out.println("____________________________");

        LocalDateTime now2 = LocalDateTime.now(ZoneId.of("Asia/Shanghai"));
        ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = now2.atZone(ZoneId.of("Europe/Tallinn"));//这个时间还是now2的时间,但是后面会多个时区并且标明跟UTC相差几个时区
        System.out.println(now2);
        System.out.println(zonedDateTime);
        //2019-08-16T00:12:05.965
        //2019-08-16T00:12:05.965+03:00[Europe/Tallinn]


    }

@Test
    public void test05() {
        Set<String> availableZoneIds =
                ZoneId.getAvailableZoneIds();
        int size = availableZoneIds.size();
        System.out.println(size);
//        availableZoneIds.forEach(System.out::println);
        LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now(ZoneId.of("US/Pacific"));
        System.out.println(now);
        ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = now.atZone(ZoneId.of("Asia/Shanghai"));
        System.out.println(now);
        System.out.println(zonedDateTime);
//        2020-10-08T23:12:06.269
//        2020-10-08T23:12:06.269
//        2020-10-08T23:12:06.269+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] 这个时间还是now的时间,但是后面会多个时区并且标明跟UTC相差几个时区

    }

7 Java8 LocalDateTime和Date相互转换

Date to LocalDateTime

Date todayDate = new Date();

LocalDateTime ldt = todayDate.toInstant()
        .atZone( ZoneId.systemDefault() )
        .toLocalDateTime();

System.out.println(ldt);
//2019-05-16T19:22:12.773

LocalDateTime to Date

LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.now();

Date date = Date.from( localDateTime.atZone( ZoneId.systemDefault()).toInstant());

System.out.println(date);
//Thu May 16 19:22:37 CST 2019