PyQT5学习--新建窗体模板

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已于 2024-04-07 17:56:30 修改

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分类专栏： # Python 3 第三方库 PyQT5 文章标签：学习

于 2024-03-24 17:01:10 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yudiandian2014/article/details/136990286

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本文详细介绍了如何使用QtCreator设计并生成Dialog、MainWindow和Widget的基本UI，包括在PyQt5中创建对话框、主窗口和一般组件的方法，以及如何将设计的界面文件转换为Python脚本。

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1 Dialog

2 Main Window

3 Widget

模板	说明
Dialog	基于 QDialog 类的窗体，具有一般对话框的特性，如可以模态显示、具有返回值等。
Main Window	基于 QMainWindow 类的窗体，具有主窗口的特性，窗口上有主菜单栏、工具栏、状态栏等。
Widget	基于 QWidget 类的窗体。QWidget 类是所有界面组件的基类，如 QLabel、QPushBtton 等界面组件都是从 QWidget 类继承而来的。QWidget 类也是 QDialog、QMainWindow 的父类，基于 QWidget 类创建的窗体可以作为独立的窗口运行，也可以嵌入到其他界面组件内显示。

1 Dialog

1.1 打开 designer.exe ,文件--新建--Dialog without Buttons--创建。

1.2 保存为 Dialog.ui。

1.3 使用 pyuic5 转换为 Dialog.py。
C:\Python\Python38-32\Scripts\pyuic5 -x Dialog.ui -o Dialog.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'Dialog.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.9
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_Dialog(object):
    def setupUi(self, Dialog):
        Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
        Dialog.resize(400, 300)

        self.retranslateUi(Dialog)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)

    def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    Dialog = QtWidgets.QDialog()
    ui = Ui_Dialog()
    ui.setupUi(Dialog)
    Dialog.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

1.4 运行 Dialog.py

C:\Python\Python38-32\python.exe Dialog.py

2 Main Window

2.1 打开 designer.exe ,文件--新建--Main Window--创建。

2.2 保存为 MainWindow.ui 。

2.3 使用 pyuic5 转换MainWindow.py。
C:\Python\Python38-32\Scripts\pyuic5.exe -x MainWindow.ui -o MainWindow.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'MainWindow.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.9
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(800, 600)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 22))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

2.4 运行 MainWindow.py。
C:\Python\Python38-32\python.exe MainWindow.py

3 Widget

3.1 打开 designer.exe ,文件--新建--Widget--创建。

3.2 保存为 Widget.ui。

3.3 使用 pyuic5 转换 Widget.py。
C:\Python\Python38-32\Scripts\pyuic5.exe -x Widget.ui -o Widget.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'Widget.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.9
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_Form(object):
    def setupUi(self, Form):
        Form.setObjectName("Form")
        Form.resize(400, 300)

        self.retranslateUi(Form)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)

    def retranslateUi(self, Form):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    Form = QtWidgets.QWidget()
    ui = Ui_Form()
    ui.setupUi(Form)
    Form.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

3.4 运行 Widget.py。
C:\Python\Python38-32\python.exe Widget.py

其他：

创建一个调用 callWidget.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget
from Widget import Ui_Form


class QmyWidget(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        # 调用父类构造函数，创建 QWidget 窗体
        super().__init__(parent)
        # 创建 UI 对象
        self.ui = Ui_Form()
        # 构造 UI
        self.ui.setupUi(self)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    Form = QmyWidget()
    Form.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

'''
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    Form = QWidget()
    ui = Ui_Form()
    ui.setupUi(Form)
    Form.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())
'''

参考:

《Python Qt GUI与数据可视化编程》